Blockchain Node Privacy Transaction Validation
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing blockchain-based private transaction systems centralize control, relying on specific nodes that may act maliciously or become non-functional, leading to security and privacy issues, as they lack robust mechanisms for ensuring transaction integrity and privacy protection.
Innovation Solution
A method where a first blockchain node determines and communicates with multiple second blockchain nodes based on a public blockchain contract, transmitting transaction information and obtaining signatures from these nodes to ensure secure and private transaction recording on the public blockchain, with encryption and threshold-based validation to prevent malicious acts.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Loss of information
If private transactions use centralized control through special-purpose nodes, then transaction privacy and control are improved, but security and reliability deteriorate when nodes act maliciously or become non-functional
Solution Approach 1:
The system segments the transaction validation function across multiple ordinary blockchain nodes rather than concentrating it in special-purpose nodes. Each participating party's nodes independently validate transactions, eliminating single-point-of-failure risks and malicious node control while maintaining privacy through selective information disclosure.
Solution Approach 2:
The system introduces a mediator mechanism where transaction information is encrypted and distributed to multiple nodes. The mediator (blockchain protocol) ensures that no single node can maliciously control transactions, while still enabling private transaction execution through cryptographic verification and consensus among distributed nodes.
2Productivity
If private transactions rely on special-purpose nodes for control, then transaction processing efficiency is improved, but system complexity and vulnerability increase
Solution Approach 1:
The system makes all nodes universal by allowing any blockchain node to participate in private transactions. Nodes perform multiple functions: public transaction validation, private transaction validation, and consensus participation. This eliminates the need for separate special-purpose nodes, reducing structural complexity while maintaining processing efficiency through parallel validation.
Solution Approach 2:
The validation process is segmented across multiple independent nodes rather than centralized. Each node independently validates transactions according to consensus rules, distributing the processing load and eliminating single-point-of-failure complexity. The segmentation maintains efficiency through parallel processing while reducing vulnerability.
3Reliability
If all transaction information is made public for verification, then transaction transparency and verification are improved, but privacy protection deteriorates
Solution Approach 1:
The system applies local quality by making different parts of transaction information visible to different nodes. Transaction details are encrypted and only visible to participating parties' nodes, while transaction hashes and validation results are publicly verifiable. This localized information disclosure maintains verification reliability without compromising privacy.
Solution Approach 2:
The system uses cryptographic copying where transaction information is encrypted and distributed as copies to participating nodes. Each node receives an encrypted copy it can validate, but the original plaintext remains hidden from non-participants. The copying mechanism enables verification without public disclosure of sensitive transaction details.
Data Source
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AI summary
Methods, systems, and apparatus, including computer programs encoded on computer storage media, for implementing blockchain-based private transactions are provided. One of the methods is performed by a first blockchain node to a private transaction, the method including: determining one or more second blockchain nodes to the private transaction according to a blockchain contract in a public blockchain; transmitting transaction information to the one or more second blockchain nodes, the transaction information comprising one or more senders of the private transaction, one or more recipients of the private transaction, and one or more transaction amounts of the private transaction; obtaining a signature from each of a number of the one or more second blockchain nodes certifying receipt of the transaction information; and in response to obtaining the number of the signatures over a threshold, storing at least a representation of the private transaction and the signatures in the public blockchain.