Blockchain Data Storage Using Shared Nodes and Error Correction
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Solution Overview
Problem
Distributed ledger systems (DLSs) face challenges in reducing data storage requirements while maintaining data equality and processing efficiency, particularly due to the large size of state and block data that need to be stored across nodes, leading to inefficient storage resource usage and potential data inequality.
Innovation Solution
Implementing error correction coding (ECC) and hashing techniques to encode and divide block data into multiple data sets, storing only a portion of the encoded data and corresponding hash values, and utilizing shared storage nodes for historic state data, allowing nodes to retrieve the rest as needed, ensuring data integrity and security.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If every node stores an entire copy of the blockchain, then data reliability is improved, but storage space consumption increases
Solution Approach 1:
The blockchain data is segmented into two distinct parts: hot data (recent block data and current state data) stored by every node, and cold data (historic state data) stored only by shared storage nodes. This segmentation allows nodes to maintain data reliability for recent transactions while avoiding the storage burden of entire blockchain history, directly resolving the contradiction between reliability and storage space consumption.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent introduces a new dimensional structure to traditional blockchain storage by creating a hierarchical storage architecture with two levels: local node storage for frequently accessed data and shared storage nodes for historical data. This dimensional change transforms the flat storage model into a multi-layered system, enabling nodes to maintain reliability without storing complete blockchain copies.
2Volume of stationary object
If a few shared nodes store the entire copy of the blockchain, then storage space is reduced, but data equality deteriorates
Solution Approach 1:
The patent applies local quality by differentiating storage responsibilities across different node types. Full nodes maintain complete local copies for high autonomy, while light nodes store only essential data and rely on shared storage nodes for historical data. This differentiated approach ensures that no single node type monopolizes data control, preserving data equality while optimizing storage space through specialized roles.
3Reliability
If error correction coding is performed on block data, then data security is improved, but computational complexity increases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent implements partial error correction by applying ECC only to cold data (historic state data) stored by shared storage nodes, rather than processing all blockchain data. This partial application of error correction provides adequate security for historical data while avoiding the excessive computational complexity that would result from processing entire blockchain data, thus resolving the contradiction between data security and computational complexity.
Data Source
AI summary
Disclosed herein are methods, systems, and apparatus, including computer programs encoded on computer storage media, for storing blockchain data. One of the methods includes determining block data and current state data associated with a current block of a blockchain; sending the current state data to one or more shared storage nodes of a blockchain network; performing error correction coding of the block data to generate encoded block data; dividing, based on one or more predetermined rules, the encoded block data into a plurality of data sets; storing, based on the one or more predetermined rules, one or more data sets of the plurality of data sets; hashing each data set of remaining data sets of the plurality of data sets to generate one or more hash values corresponding to the remaining data sets; and storing the one or more hash values and the current state data.