Blood Analysis Dilution Factor Determination Using Ion-Free Buffer
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Solution Overview
Problem
Current blood analysis methods face challenges in achieving high repeatability and reproducibility with small blood samples, particularly when the sample volume is 50 µL or less, due to limitations in dilution factors and measurement accuracy.
Innovation Solution
A blood analysis method involving dilution with a diluent solution that uses a normal value of a homeostatically present component to determine a dilution factor of 14 or higher for blood plasma components, using a buffer solution with a pH range of 6.5 to 8.0 and excluding sodium or chloride ions, to accurately analyze target components in small blood samples.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Object-affected harmful factors
If a small volume of blood sample (50 µL or less) is used for analysis, then patient invasiveness is reduced, but measurement precision and repeatability deteriorate due to insufficient dilution factor
Solution Approach 1:
The patent changes the chemical composition parameters of the diluent solution by excluding sodium ions and chloride ions, which are normally present in blood plasma. This parameter change enables accurate determination of dilution factor even with high dilution ratios (14 or higher), thereby maintaining measurement precision while using small blood sample volumes
Solution Approach 2:
The patent introduces a specially designed diluent solution as an intermediary substance that does not contain sodium ions or chloride ions. This intermediary enables the measurement system to accurately distinguish between blood-derived ions and diluent ions, allowing precise dilution factor calculation and maintaining measurement repeatability with small samples
2Quantity of substance
If a high dilution factor (14 or higher) is used to analyze small blood samples, then sufficient diluted volume is obtained, but measurement accuracy deteriorates due to difficulty in determining dilution factor
Solution Approach 1:
The patent changes the ionic composition parameters of the diluent solution by excluding sodium ions and chloride ions. This parameter change creates a measurable difference that enables accurate dilution factor determination through ion concentration measurement, even when dilution factors are 14 or higher
Solution Approach 2:
The patent implements a feedback mechanism where the concentration of sodium ions or chloride ions in the diluted sample is measured, and this measurement is used to calculate the dilution factor. The calculated dilution factor then feeds back into the concentration calculation of target components, ensuring accurate quantification
3Stability of the object's composition
If conventional diluent solutions containing sodium ions or chloride ions are used, then blood plasma components are properly diluted, but measurement accuracy deteriorates due to inability to distinguish blood-derived components from diluent components
Solution Approach 1:
The patent extracts or removes sodium ions and chloride ions from the diluent solution composition. By taking out these ions that are normally present in blood plasma, the diluent solution becomes distinguishable from blood plasma, enabling accurate measurement of blood-derived components without interference from diluent components
Solution Approach 2:
The patent introduces a modified diluent solution as an intermediary that maintains the dilution function but lacks specific ions (sodium and chloride) found in blood. This intermediary enables the measurement system to accurately distinguish and quantify blood-derived ions without contamination from diluent ions
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
This method enables high repeatability and reproducibility in measurement values even with small blood samples, reducing patient invasiveness and improving measurement accuracy by securing a sufficient dilution factor and using a diluent solution that does not contain normal blood components.
Implementation Method 1
a step of diluting a collected blood sample with a diluent solution
Implementation Method 2
the diluent solution is a buffer solution having a buffering action within a pH range of pH 6.5 to pH 8.0
Implementation Method 3
a step of determining a dilution factor by using a normal value of a normal component which is homeostatically present in the blood
Data Source
Figure 1
AI summary
An object of the present invention is to provide a blood analysis method in which a high level of repeatability and reproducibility is achieved with respect to measurement values in a blood sample of 50 µL or less, and a blood test kit which is used for the blood analysis method. According to the present invention, a blood analysis method including a step of diluting a collected blood sample with a diluent solution; a step of determining a dilution factor by using a normal value of a normal component which is homeostatically present in the blood; and a step of analyzing a concentration of a target component in the blood sample, in which a volume of the blood sample is 50 µL or less, a dilution factor of blood plasma components in the blood sample is 14 or higher, and the diluent solution is a diluent solution which does not contain the normal component which is homeostatically present in the blood, is provided.