Blood Analyzer Reactive B Lymphocyte Discrimination
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing blood analyzers cannot effectively discriminate and count reactive B lymphocytes, which are crucial for diagnosing diseases such as viral infections and hematopoietic tumors.
Innovation Solution
A blood analyzer and method that prepares a measurement sample by mixing a blood sample with a fluorescent dye and a hemolytic agent, then uses light scattering signals to discriminate and count reactive B lymphocytes based on fluorescent light, forward scattered light, and side scattered light intensities.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Measurement precision
If conventional blood analyzing methods are used, then normal white blood cells can be classified and counted, but reactive B lymphocytes cannot be discriminated and counted
Solution Approach 1:
The patent segments the lymphocyte population into distinct subtypes (reactive B lymphocytes, reactive T lymphocytes, normal lymphocytes) by introducing specific fluorescent markers that bind to different cell surface proteins. This allows each subtype to be identified and counted separately through flow cytometry, resolving the inability of conventional methods to discriminate reactive B lymphocytes.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent employs fluorescent dyes that emit different colors when bound to specific lymphocyte markers. By detecting these color differences through fluorescent light signals, the system can distinguish reactive B lymphocytes from other lymphocyte subtypes, enabling precise discrimination that was not possible with conventional non-fluorescent methods.
2Measurement precision
If fluorescent dyes and hemolytic agents are added to prepare measurement samples, then reactive B lymphocytes can be discriminated and counted, but the device complexity increases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent performs preliminary actions by pre-mixing the blood sample with fluorescent dyes and hemolytic agents before measurement. This sample preparation step occurs beforehand, allowing the actual measurement process to focus solely on detecting the fluorescent signals from already-labeled cells, thereby reducing the complexity of the measurement device itself while maintaining high counting accuracy.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent introduces fluorescent dyes as intermediary substances that mediate between the target cells (reactive B lymphocytes) and the detection system. These dyes bind to specific cell markers and convert biological information into detectable fluorescent signals, enabling accurate discrimination without requiring complex direct detection mechanisms.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
Enables accurate discrimination and counting of reactive B lymphocytes, improving diagnostic capabilities for diseases by providing distinct intensity signals for reactive B lymphocytes, reactive T lymphocytes, and normal lymphocytes.
Implementation Method 1
a fluorescent dye for staining nucleic acid... receive fluorescent light... output fluorescent light signals corresponding to the intensity of the fluorescent light
Implementation Method 2
a hemolytic agent to hemolyze red blood cells
Implementation Method 3
receive forward scattered light signals corresponding to the intensity of the forward scattered light, and side scattered light signals corresponding to the intensity of the side scattered light
Data Source
AI summary
A blood analyzer comprises a sample preparing part, a light source, a light receiving part, and a processing part configured to discriminate and count reactive B lymphocytes based on at least one of fluorescent light signals and forward scattered light signals.