Whole Blood Coagulation Detection via Micro Channel Optical Analysis
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Solution Overview
Problem
Current blood coagulation detection methods are time-consuming, require large equipment, and cannot accurately represent a patient's physiological state due to the need for plasma separation, making them impractical for widespread use, especially for patients taking anticoagulant medications.
Innovation Solution
A portable blood coagulation detection device using a micro channel unit with an optical signal unit, opto-electronic conversion circuit, amplifier circuit, and filter circuit that directly analyzes whole blood samples, converting light changes into electrical signals to determine coagulation time without the need for centrifugation.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Measurement precision
If centrifugal force is applied to separate plasma from blood for detection, then the blood coagulation time can be detected, but the detection process becomes time-consuming and the sample cannot represent the actual physiological situation
Solution Approach 1:
The patent extracts only the essential function of plasma separation by using a micro channel structure that allows whole blood to flow and coagulate naturally, eliminating the need for centrifugal separation while still enabling accurate coagulation time measurement through optical detection of the coagulation process
Solution Approach 2:
The patent prepares the blood sample in advance by placing it in the micro channel device before detection, allowing the sample to maintain its physiological state and enabling immediate detection without time-consuming centrifugation steps
2Measurement precision
If a centrifuge machine is used to separate plasma, then plasma can be obtained for detection, but the machine volume is large and cannot be carried by patients
Solution Approach 1:
The patent replaces the mechanical centrifugal separation system with a micro channel-based optical detection system that uses light transmission to monitor blood coagulation directly in whole blood, eliminating the need for large centrifuge equipment while maintaining detection accuracy
Solution Approach 2:
The patent changes the detection parameter from requiring separated plasma to detecting optical properties of whole blood during coagulation, allowing the use of miniaturized micro channel structures instead of large centrifuge machines
3Measurement precision
If the existing detection method is used, then blood coagulation time can be measured, but the device complexity and cost increase, making it inaccessible for widespread patient use
Solution Approach 1:
The patent segments the detection system into simple functional modules: a micro channel unit for blood flow, an optical signal unit for light transmission, and basic electronic circuits for signal processing, making the device simpler and more manufacturable while maintaining measurement precision
Solution Approach 2:
The patent employs a disposable micro channel unit that can be discarded after single use, eliminating the need for complex cleaning and sterilization systems, thereby reducing device complexity and cost while ensuring measurement accuracy
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
Enables convenient, cost-effective, and accurate self-monitoring of blood coagulation time using whole blood samples, reducing the risk of prolonged coagulation-related complications and increasing accessibility for patients.
Implementation Method 1
an optical signal unit for transmitting a reference light to the micro channel unit so as to form a message light
Implementation Method 2
an opto-electronic conversion circuit for receiving the message light and converting the message light into an electrical signal
Data Source
AI summary
A blood coagulation detection device includes a micro channel unit, an optical signal unit, an opto-electronic conversion circuit, an amplifier circuit, and a filter circuit. The micro channel unit has a sample detection area. The optical signal unit transmits a reference light to the micro channel unit so as to form a message light. The opto-electronic conversion circuit receives the message light and converts the message light into an electrical signal. The amplifier circuit is electrically connected to the opto-electronic conversion circuit for amplifying the electrical signal. The filter circuit is electrically connected to the amplifier circuit for filtering the amplified electrical signal.