Blood Filter Composite Sorbent for Nanoparticle and Thrombi Removal
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing treatments fail to efficiently remove metallic nanoparticles, thrombi, and inflammatory mediators from blood or blood products, posing health risks to compromised patients, particularly in conditions like surgical trauma and COVID-19-induced disseminated intravascular thrombosis.
Innovation Solution
A filtration method using a cross-linked polymeric sorbent to filter and sorb undesirable particles and molecules, comprising a cross-linked polymeric material with specific pore structures and coatings, capable of removing metallic nanoparticles and thrombi, and sorbing inflammatory mediators.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Productivity
If conventional filtration methods are used, then the filtration process is simple, but they fail to efficiently remove metallic nanoparticles, thrombi, and inflammatory mediators from blood
Solution Approach 1:
The patent employs a composite filter structure combining a physical mesh filter component with a chemical sorbent component (such as activated charcoal or activated alumina). The mesh filter captures larger particulates like thrombi through physical filtration, while the sorbent material adsorbs smaller particles like metallic nanoparticles and inflammatory mediators through chemical adsorption. This composite approach achieves high removal efficiency across multiple particle size ranges and types without requiring an overly complex single- mechanism filter system.
2Manufacturing precision
If a highly selective filter is designed to remove specific particles, then removal precision improves, but the device becomes more complex and harder to manufacture
Solution Approach 1:
The patent utilizes porous sorbent materials with well-defined pore size distributions to achieve selective removal of particles based on size exclusion and adsorption principles. These porous materials are commercially available and can be incorporated into filter cartridges using standard manufacturing techniques. The pore structures provide inherent size selectivity without requiring complex precision-engineered features, thus maintaining ease of manufacture while achieving high particle size selectivity for removing metallic nanoparticles and other particulates from blood.
3Reliability
If multiple filtration mechanisms are combined to remove various contaminants, then removal effectiveness increases, but the device complexity and operational complexity increase
Solution Approach 1:
The patent merges multiple filtration mechanisms into a single integrated filter cartridge assembly. The physical mesh filter and chemical sorbent materials are combined in one unit that can be easily installed and operated in blood processing systems. This unified design achieves comprehensive contaminant removal (thrombi, metallic nanoparticles, inflammatory mediators) without requiring separate filtration devices or complex multi-step procedures, thereby maintaining operational simplicity while enhancing removal effectiveness.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The method effectively removes a wide range of undesirable particles and molecules, including metallic nanoparticles and thrombi, from blood products, reducing health risks and tissue ischemia, and is suitable for both ex vivo and extra-corporeal treatments.
Implementation Method 1
sorbent comprising cross-linked polymeric material derived from the reaction of a cross-linker with one or more polymerizable monomers
Implementation Method 2
filtering said blood or blood products containing said metallic nanoparticles and thrombi or microthrombi with a filter element comprising cross-linked polymeric organic sorbent
Data Source
AI summary
The invention concerns devices and methods of filtering metallic nanoparticles and thrombi or microthrombi and other undesirable particles or molecules from blood or blood products.