Patient-Specific Blood Flow Modeling With Reduced-Order ML

The vascular system is segmented into different regions with different levels of model complexity. One-dimensional models are used for bulk regions where computational efficiency is prioritized, while three-dimensional models are applied to localized regions (such as stenosis areas, bifurcations, or regions with complex geometry) where high measurement precision is required. This segmentation allows the system to achieve both computational efficiency and accuracy where needed.

Different parts of the vascular model are assigned different qualities of detail. The overall model structure uses simplified one-dimensional representations for computational efficiency, but specific localized regions are enhanced with three-dimensional geometry and detailed Navier-Stokes equations to maintain high measurement precision in critical areas. This local quality approach resolves the contradiction by applying complexity only where measurement precision is most important.

The computational domain is segmented into regions that can be solved using different methods. Three-dimensional Navier-Stokes equations are solved only in localized regions requiring high precision (such as stenosis regions or bifurcations), while one-dimensional models are used in the remaining bulk regions. This segmentation dramatically reduces the total computational time while maintaining accuracy where it matters most.

Instead of applying the computationally intensive three-dimensional Navier-Stokes equations throughout the entire vascular system (excessive action), the method applies them only partially to the specific regions where high measurement precision is required. This partial action approach achieves the necessary accuracy in critical regions while avoiding the excessive computational cost of applying the full three-dimensional model everywhere.

The vascular geometry is segmented into simplified representations for most regions and detailed three-dimensional representations for critical regions. The reduced order models provide sufficient geometric accuracy for bulk regions while the full three-dimensional geometry is retained in localized regions where precise measurement of blood flow characteristics is required, thus balancing device complexity reduction with manufacturing precision requirements.

Different levels of geometric detail are assigned to different regions. The overall vascular model uses simplified geometry to reduce device complexity, but specific localized regions maintain high manufacturing precision through detailed three-dimensional geometry. This local quality approach ensures that geometric accuracy is preserved where it directly impacts blood flow measurement precision while allowing complexity reduction elsewhere.