Stabilizing Blood Nucleic Acids with Antiseptic and Metal Chelator

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Solution Overview

Problem

Cell-free nucleic acid in blood degrades easily, making it challenging for long-term storage and analysis, particularly due to short fragment lengths and small quantities, which limits the convenience of clinical diagnostic applications.

Innovation Solution

A composition comprising an antiseptic component, an enzyme inhibitory component, and a metabolic inhibitory component, such as an allantoin-formaldehyde condensation product, a metal chelator, and sodium azide or NaF, which stabilizes cell-free and exosomal nucleic acids in blood, preventing degradation and maintaining integrity for extended periods.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Duration of action of stationary object

If cell-free nucleic acid is stored in blood for long periods, then storage convenience is improved, but nucleic acid degradation increases

Engineering Contradiction:

Improvestorage durationVSAvoidnucleic acid integrity

Core Design Contradiction:

Duration of action of stationary objectVSReliability

Solution Approach 1:

The patent applies preliminary action by adding stabilization components to the blood sample immediately upon collection, before degradation can occur. The composition includes an antiseptic component (allantoin-formaldehyde condensation product), enzyme inhibitory component (metal chelator), and metabolic inhibitory component (NaF or sodium azide) that are introduced at the time of sampling to prevent nucleic acid degradation from the outset, enabling long-term storage while maintaining integrity.

Inventive Principle:

Principle #10Preliminary action

Solution Approach 2:

The patent uses an intermediary stabilization composition that mediates between the blood sample and the degradation processes. This composition acts as a protective intermediary containing multiple functional components: the antiseptic component prevents microbial contamination, the metal chelator inhibits enzymatic degradation, and the metabolic inhibitor stops nucleic acid metabolism, thereby preserving the sample for extended periods.

Inventive Principle:

Principle #24Intermediary (Mediator)

2Reliability

If specialized preservation solutions are used, then nucleic acid stability is improved, but long-term preservation capability deteriorates

Engineering Contradiction:

Improvenucleic acid stabilityVSAvoidlong-term preservation capability

Core Design Contradiction:

ReliabilityVSDuration of action of stationary object

Solution Approach 1:

The patent applies composite materials by formulating a comprehensive stabilization composition that combines multiple functional components working synergistically. The composition includes: (1) antiseptic component (allantoin-formaldehyde condensation product) to prevent microbial growth, (2) enzyme inhibitory component (metal chelator) to block enzymatic degradation pathways, and (3) metabolic inhibitory component (NaF or sodium azide) to inhibit nucleic acid metabolism. This composite approach provides both immediate stability and long-term preservation capability.

Inventive Principle:

Principle #40Composite materials

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

The composition effectively maintains the stability of cell-free and exosomal nucleic acids in blood for at least 4 days, reducing hemolysis and background interference, allowing for long-term storage at room temperature without significant degradation.

Implementation Method 1

an antiseptic component, comprising: an allantoin-formaldehyde condensation product

Methodology Applied

Scientific EffectChemical preservation: Preservative

Implementation Method 2

an enzyme inhibitory component, comprising: a first metal chelator

Methodology Applied

Scientific EffectMetal chelation:

Implementation Method 3

a metabolic inhibitory component, comprising: NaF or sodium azide

Methodology Applied

Scientific EffectMetabolic inhibition:

Implementation Method 4

The composition effectively maintains the stability of cell-free and exosomal nucleic acids in blood for at least 4 days, reducing hemolysis and background interference

Methodology Applied

Scientific EffectChemical stabilization:

Data Source

PatentUS20240327895A1Composition for stabilizing cell-free nucleic acid and/or exosomal nucleic acid in blood, and agent and kit containing the same

Publication Date: 2024.10.03 IND TECH RES INST

AI summary

A composition for stabilizing cell-free nucleic acid and/or exosomal nucleic acid in blood is provided. The composition for stabilizing cell-free nucleic acid and/or exosomal nucleic acid in blood is (a) a first composition or (b) a second composition. The first composition includes (i) an antiseptic component including an allantoin-formaldehyde condensation product; (ii) an enzyme inhibitory component including a first metal chelator and (iii) a metabolic inhibitory component including NaF or sodium azide. The second composition includes (i) an antiseptic component including an allantoin-formaldehyde condensate; (ii) an enzyme inhibiting component including a first metal chelator; (iii) a metabolic an inhibitory component including NaF or sodium azide; and (iv) an anticoagulant component including a second metal chelator.