Blood Pressure Monitor Using Pulse Course Reference Point
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing dialysis systems lack a continuous and reliable method for monitoring blood pressure, making it difficult to early detect intradialytic hypotension, a common complication during hemodialysis.
Innovation Solution
A method and corresponding blood pressure monitor that continuously determine blood pressure values by analyzing the pulse course, specifically by identifying a reference point within the transition area from systole to diastole of a cardiac cycle, allowing for reliable and continuous monitoring.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If a cuff-based oscillometric method is used for blood pressure monitoring, then the measurement can be performed with simple equipment, but the monitoring is intermittent and cannot detect acute blood pressure drops quickly
Solution Approach 1:
The patent replaces the mechanical cuff-based oscillometric measurement system with an optical photoplethysmographic system. The PPG sensor detects blood volume changes in the tissue using light absorption properties, enabling continuous monitoring without mechanical inflation/deflation cycles. This substitution allows for continuous blood pressure determination at every cardiac cycle, resolving the contradiction between reliable detection and monitoring frequency.
2Reliability
If continuous blood pressure monitoring is implemented using photoplethysmography, then early detection of intradialytic hypotension is enabled, but the device complexity increases compared to cuff-based methods
Solution Approach 1:
The patent makes the PPG sensor serve multiple functions: it simultaneously measures pulse rate, determines blood pressure values, and monitors cardiac cycle characteristics. By using a single optical sensor for multiple physiological parameters, the system achieves continuous monitoring capability without proportionally increasing device complexity. The blood pressure determination is derived from the same PPG signal used for pulse detection, eliminating the need for separate measurement systems.
3Productivity
If blood pressure values are determined at every cardiac cycle using pulse course analysis, then continuous monitoring is achieved, but the processing complexity and computational requirements increase
Solution Approach 1:
The patent performs preliminary normalization of the PPG pulse course signal to a standard format before blood pressure determination. The pulse course is pre-processed to identify characteristic points (onset, peak, dicrotic notch) and normalize the waveform, creating a standardized input for the blood pressure calculation algorithm. This preliminary processing simplifies the subsequent blood pressure determination by providing consistent, pre-formatted data, reducing the computational complexity of continuous monitoring.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
Enables continuous monitoring of blood pressure during dialysis treatments, improving the early detection of intradialytic hypotension and allowing for timely interventions, while being cost-efficient compared to traditional cuff-based methods.
Implementation Method 1
The measuring unit (18) is configured to determine a pulse course of the patient based on time- and volume-based blood flow values determined on a living tissue section of the patient by applying photoplethysmography
Data Source
AI summary
The present disclosure relates to a method for determining a blood pressure value of a patient. The method comprises a step of determining a pulse course of the patient; a step of determining a reference point in the pulse course within a transition area from systole to diastole of a cardiac cycle of the patient; and a step of determining the blood pressure value based on the determined reference point.