Blood Pressure Measurement Using Pulse Transit Time Segmentation
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Solution Overview
Problem
Current blood pressure measurement technologies without cuffs lack accuracy for early disease detection and medical condition monitoring, particularly for systolic and diastolic blood pressure changes.
Innovation Solution
A system comprising an electrocardiogram detection unit, a pulse wave detection unit, and computation units that calculate ventricular systolic and diastolic phase pulse transit times from R, T, P, and D waves to compute accurate systolic and diastolic blood pressure values.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Ease of operation
If continuous blood pressure measurement is performed without cuff using conventional methods, then ease of operation and continuous monitoring are improved, but measurement precision deteriorates
Solution Approach 1:
The patent segments the blood pressure measurement into two independent components: systolic blood pressure measurement using R-wave to P-wave pulse transit time, and diastolic blood pressure measurement using T-wave to D-wave pulse transit time. This segmentation allows each component to be measured continuously without cuff while maintaining precision through specialized computation for each phase.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent replaces the mechanical cuff-based measurement system with an electrical and optical detection system. Electrodes detect electrocardiogram signals (R waves, T waves) and photoelectric sensors detect pulse waves, eliminating the need for mechanical inflation and deflation of a cuff while enabling continuous measurement.
2Ease of operation
If only R wave and P wave are used for pulse transit time calculation, then ease of operation is improved, but measurement precision deteriorates
Solution Approach 1:
The patent segments the pulse transit time calculation into two distinct measurements: ventricular systolic phase pulse transit time (R wave to P wave) for systolic blood pressure, and ventricular diastolic phase pulse transit time (T wave to D wave) for diastolic blood pressure. This segmentation enables accurate measurement of both systolic and diastolic pressures using the same continuous monitoring system.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent introduces intermediate waveforms (P wave and D wave) as mediators between the electrocardiogram waves (R wave and T wave) and the blood pressure calculations. These intermediate pulse wave features serve as bridges that enable accurate translation of electrical and optical signals into precise blood pressure information for both systolic and diastolic phases.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
Enables continuous, accurate measurement of blood pressure information, enhancing early disease detection and health condition monitoring by improving the accuracy of systolic and diastolic blood pressure measurements.
Implementation Method 1
an electrocardiogram detection unit for detecting an electrocardiogram of the subject
Implementation Method 2
a pulse wave detection unit for detecting a pulse wave of the subject
Data Source
AI summary
A system for measuring blood pressure information of a subject, and includes: an electrocardiogram detection unit for detecting an electrocardiogram of the subject; a pulse wave detection unit for detecting pulse waves of the subject; a first computation unit for computing a ventricular systolic phase pulse transit time on the basis of the R wave of the electrocardiogram waveform based on the potential detected by the electrocardiogram detection unit and the P wave of the pulse waveform detected by the pulse wave detection unit, and computing a ventricular diastolic phase pulse transit time on the basis of the T wave of the electrocardiogram waveform and the D wave of the pulse waveform.