Blood Pressure Measuring Apparatus Using Pulse Wave Segmentation
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing methods for noninvasive continuous blood pressure measurement are inaccurate due to the variability of the preejection period when using electrocardiogram (ECG) signals, as they represent electrical heart changes rather than pulse waves, making it difficult to obtain precise blood pressure calculations.
Innovation Solution
A blood pressure measuring apparatus that detects pulse waves in one location, extracts progressive and reflected wave components, calculates pulse wave propagation time, and uses this to calculate blood pressure, eliminating the need for multiple measurement locations and accounting for the preejection period.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Ease of manufacture
If ECG is used instead of pulse wave to measure propagation time, then the measurement can be performed without adding apparatus, but the measurement accuracy deteriorates due to preejection period variability
Solution Approach 1:
The pulse wave is segmented into progressive wave component and reflected wave component. By separating these components mathematically from the composite pulse wave signal, the invention enables accurate propagation time measurement using only a single pulse wave measurement location, avoiding the need for ECG while eliminating preejection period errors.
Solution Approach 2:
The invention uses the reflected wave component as an intermediary to represent the pulse wave at a distant location. Instead of directly measuring the pulse wave at two locations or using ECG as a mediator, the reflected wave serves as a mathematical intermediary that carries propagation time information back to the measurement point, enabling accurate blood pressure calculation from single-location data.
2Measurement precision
If pulse waves are measured at two locations to obtain accurate propagation time, then measurement accuracy improves, but the device complexity and operability worsen
Solution Approach 1:
The pulse wave signal is segmented into progressive and reflected components through mathematical processing. This segmentation allows the system to extract propagation time information from a single-location measurement by analyzing the relationship between these components, eliminating the need for multiple sensors or measurement locations while maintaining high accuracy.
Solution Approach 2:
The reflected wave component serves as a mathematical copy of the pulse wave that has traveled to and from a distant point. By analyzing this copied signal component, the system obtains propagation time information equivalent to what would be obtained from direct two-location measurement, but with simplified hardware requirements.
Data Source
AI summary
A pulse wave is detected in a predetermined location of a living body, and the progressive wave component and reflected wave component are extracted from the pulse wave. The pulse wave propagation time is calculated from the progressive wave component and reflected wave component, and blood pressure is calculated on the basis of this pulse wave propagation time. The use of this method provides blood pressure measuring apparatus capable of continuously measuring blood pressure with a simple method.