Blood Pressure Measurement Using Pulse Waveform Analysis for Arrhythmia
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing oscillometric blood pressure measurement apparatuses require excessive time for measurement during arrhythmia due to the need for continuous acquisition of identical pressure pulses, leading to complex configurations with specialized sensors.
Innovation Solution
A blood pressure measurement apparatus that continuously detects pressure pulses and uses a combination of first and second distinguishers to identify pulse waves under specific conditions, allowing for accurate blood pressure calculation even during arrhythmia without requiring a specialized sensor, by comparing pulse waveforms and parameters such as amplitude and interval.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Measurement precision
If specialized sensors (ECG sensor or photoplethysmograph) are added to detect arrhythmia, then measurement precision during arrhythmia is improved, but device complexity increases
Solution Approach 1:
The existing pressure sensor is made multi-functional by enabling it to perform both its original function of detecting pressure pulses for blood pressure calculation and an additional function of detecting arrhythmia through waveform analysis. The controller analyzes pulse waveform parameters (amplitude, rise time, area) to identify arrhythmia conditions without requiring separate specialized sensors, thus achieving universal functionality with the existing sensor system.
Solution Approach 2:
The pressure sensor serves itself by using its own output signal for dual purposes: the pressure pulse signal is used both for blood pressure calculation and for arrhythmia detection through waveform parameter analysis. The system self-diagnoses arrhythmia conditions by examining characteristics of the pressure pulse waveform it already generates, eliminating the need for external specialized detection devices.
2Measurement precision
If continuous acquisition of identical pressure pulses is required for blood pressure calculation, then measurement precision is improved, but measurement time increases during arrhythmia
Solution Approach 1:
The system dynamically changes the pulse selection criteria based on detected arrhythmia conditions. When arrhythmia is detected through waveform parameter analysis, the system modifies which pulses are selected for blood pressure calculation, allowing pulses that would normally be rejected to be included under specific arrhythmia patterns. This parameter change in selection criteria enables faster measurement while maintaining accuracy during arrhythmia events.
Solution Approach 2:
The pulse selection mechanism becomes dynamic by adapting to real-time arrhythmia detection. The system continuously monitors waveform parameters and adjusts pulse selection criteria accordingly, transitioning between different selection modes based on the detected cardiac rhythm status. This dynamic adaptation allows the system to optimize measurement speed and accuracy for different physiological conditions.
Data Source
AI summary
A blood pressure measurement apparatus includes: a detector, operable to detect a first pulse, a second pulse prior to the first pulse and a third pulse prior to the second pulse under the same pressure; a first distinguisher, operable to distinguish whether waveforms of the first and second pulses are substantially identical with each other; a second distinguisher, when the waveforms are not substantially identical with each other, operable to distinguish whether parameters of the first, second and third pulses meet a condition corresponding to arrhythmia; a determiner, operable to determine the first and second pulses to be pulse waves when the waveforms are substantially identical with each other, and operable to determine the first, second and third pulses to be pulse waves when the parameters meet the condition; and a calculator, operable to calculate a blood pressure value based on the pulse waves.