Automated Blood Pressure Waveform Measurement Using Differential Sensors
Find Innovative SolutionsGenerate Solutions
Solution Overview
Problem
Current non-invasive methods for measuring blood pressure waveforms are inaccurate due to contact sensor limitations, require trained personnel, and cannot be performed automatically, while invasive methods are risky and costly, limiting their use to controlled medical settings.
Innovation Solution
A device using an electromechanical pump, differential pressure sensors, and a microprocessor-controlled system to inflate an arm cuff to suprasystolic pressure, allowing for accurate automated measurement of blood pressure waveforms and hemodynamic parameters without the need for complex models or compensation filters, enabling portable and user-friendly measurements.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Measurement precision
If invasive measurement by catheter is used, then measurement precision is improved, but device complexity and health risks increase
Solution Approach 1:
The patent uses a specialized pressure sensor as an intermediary device that can detect blood pressure waveform through the arm cuff wall without direct contact with the artery. This mediator approach achieves invasive-level precision while maintaining non-invasive benefits, resolving the contradiction between measurement accuracy and device complexity/health risks
Solution Approach 2:
The patent replaces the mechanical invasive catheter system with an electronic sensing system that uses piezoelectric or capacitive pressure sensors to detect pressure waveforms through the cuff material, eliminating the need for physical insertion while maintaining measurement precision
2Measurement precision
If contact pressure sensor is used, then measurement precision is improved, but ease of operation deteriorates due to requirement of trained personnel
Solution Approach 1:
The patent implements automated measurement and analysis systems that perform hemodynamic parameter calculation without requiring trained medical personnel to manually operate the device or interpret results, making the sophisticated measurement accessible to non-specialists while maintaining high precision
Solution Approach 2:
The patent transforms the complex raw pressure waveform data into simplified hemodynamic parameters through automated algorithms, changing the data representation from complex time-series signals to interpretable clinical metrics that are easy to obtain and understand
3Productivity
If suprasystolic pressure measurement is used, then productivity is improved through automation, but measurement precision deteriorates due to signal amplitude issues
Solution Approach 1:
The patent applies preliminary signal conditioning and filtering to the pressure waveform before analysis, pre-processing the signal to enhance the suprasystolic pressure components and remove noise, thereby enabling accurate automated measurement without sacrificing precision
Solution Approach 2:
The patent changes the measurement approach by focusing on the suprasystolic pressure phase and using specialized signal processing techniques tailored to this pressure range, transforming the measurement parameters to optimize both automation capability and precision for suprasystolic conditions
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The solution provides highly accurate, automated, and portable measurements of blood pressure waveforms and hemodynamic parameters, reducing the need for invasive procedures and allowing for outpatient use by non-specialized personnel, with improved sensitivity and reduced measurement time.
Implementation Method 1
uses contact pressure sensor connected to differential pressure sensor that increases sensitivity of measured pressure curve
Implementation Method 2
The device consists of an electromechanical pump connected to an arm cuff
Implementation Method 3
Actual values of the pressures in the pneumatic components of the apparatus are converted into an electrical signal by the pressure sensor A, the pressure sensor B and the differential pressure sensor
Data Source
AI summary
An apparatus for an accurate automated non-invasive measurement of blood pressure waveform using brachial (occlusion) cuff pressurized above systolic pressure and using differential pressure sensor. The methodology involves measurement in suprasystolic mode and in utilization and construction of the device followed by algorithms for processing and analysis of measured blood pressure pulse waves and assessment of hemodynamic parameters of human cardiovascular system. The device includes an electro-pump connected to the collar device, a differential pressure sensor, pressure senor A, pressure sensor B, valve, closing a valve and the air reservoir. The cuff is wrapped around a person's arm. The values of the instantaneous pressure in the pneumatic portion of the device are converted into an electric signal by the pressure sensor A, pressure sensor B and the differential pressure sensor. These signals are then filtered using a set of passive RC elements for filtering out high frequency interference, and fed to the microprocessor with a computing unit, analog to digital converter. The sampling frequency is sensed signal at least 200 Hz. The control algorithm in the microprocessor, according to signals from the pressure sensor A further controls the course of cuff pressurization, controls the control valve, and finally determines the closing and opening of the closing valve. A microprocessor further controls a display and the data may be transmitted to the PC.