Blood Processor Light Signal Piston Control
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing blood processing technologies face challenges in efficiently separating plasma from red blood cells, leading to contamination risks and reduced plasma and platelet yields in PRF products, due to inadequate control mechanisms and limited plasma transfer volumes.
Innovation Solution
A processor unit with a light signal transmission system that measures the absorption of light signals parallel to the blood layers to control the movement of a piston, allowing continuous transfer of plasma from one chamber to another, minimizing contamination risks and optimizing plasma and platelet yields by adjusting the piston's movement based on signal absorption values.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If a laser source is placed at the top wall to detect red blood cells through the channel, then contamination detection is improved, but the volume of transferred plasma is reduced to a small amount compared to the total blood volume
Solution Approach 1:
The patent changes the detection dimension from vertical (through the channel) to horizontal (parallel to the blood layers). The light source is positioned to emit light parallel to the separated blood layers, allowing detection of the plasma-red blood cell interface without limiting the vertical plasma transfer volume. This dimensional shift resolves the contradiction by enabling both large-scale plasma transfer and reliable contamination detection.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent uses optical copying/detection by measuring light absorption characteristics of the blood layers. Instead of physically sampling or restricting the plasma flow for detection, the system creates an optical measurement model that monitors the plasma layer thickness and composition through light absorption, enabling contamination detection without affecting the plasma transfer volume.
2Reliability
If the piston is stopped and moved several times based on reflected laser signal intensity, then contamination control is improved, but the volume of transferred plasma remains too small to be satisfying
Solution Approach 1:
The patent positions the light source and detector to measure light absorption parallel to the blood layers rather than through the channel. This allows continuous monitoring of the plasma layer during uninterrupted piston movement, maintaining both contamination control and high plasma transfer efficiency. The piston can move continuously from the first to the second position without repeated stopping, maximizing plasma transfer volume.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent enables continuous piston movement from the first position to the new position without repeated stopping and starting. The light absorption measurement system provides continuous feedback during the piston's continuous motion, allowing the system to maintain both contamination control and continuous plasma transfer, thereby significantly increasing the total plasma volume transferred compared to intermittent operation.
3Quantity of substance
If light signal absorption is measured parallel to the blood layers to control piston movement, then plasma transfer volume is increased, but contamination detection precision must be maintained
Solution Approach 1:
The patent implements a feedback control system where the light absorption measurement parallel to the blood layers provides continuous information about plasma layer thickness and composition. This feedback is used to control the piston movement, ensuring that plasma is transferred only when the plasma layer reaches sufficient thickness and purity. The system adjusts piston timing based on real-time optical measurements, maintaining both large plasma transfer volume and high contamination detection precision.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent utilizes changes in light absorption parameters (intensity, wavelength characteristics) as the plasma layer develops during centrifugation. By monitoring these optical parameter changes parallel to the blood layers, the system can precisely determine when the plasma layer is ready for transfer and when contamination is approaching, enabling both large-scale transfer and precise contamination detection through parameter monitoring.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
Significantly increases the volume of plasma transferred and maintains platelets within the plasma solution, enhancing the quality and quantity of PRF products by starting plasma transfer earlier and minimizing contamination risks.
Implementation Method 1
A first unit is placed outside the preparation unit for emitting an outcome signal and a second unit for detecting an income signal. The outcome signal is sent through the first chamber and parallel with the longitudinal direction of the layers. The income signal is registered and the absorption of the signal is a function of the thickness of the layers.
Implementation Method 2
The processor unit further comprises means for centrifugation the preparation unit. The blood sample is centrifuged into separate layers comprising an outer layer adhering to the inner side of the outer first chamber wall and an inner layer placed opposite the outer layer.
Data Source
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AI summary
A processor unit for processing and controlling a preparation of blood sample placed in a preparation unit arranged in said processor unit comprising a piston placed in a first chamber for containing the blood sample is disclosed. A part of the processed blood moves from the first chamber to a second chamber. The blood sample is centrifuged into separate layers comprising an outer layer adhering to the inner side of the outer first chamber wall and an inner layer placed opposite the outer layer. That the processor unit further comprises a first unit for emitting an outcome signal through the first chamber and a second unit for detecting after the signal has passed the first chamber an income signal. The piston is moved as a function of the detected income signal of the second unit.