Blood Purification Column Filter Aperture Optimization
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Solution Overview
Problem
Blood purification columns used in direct hemo perfusion often suffer from poor air removal characteristics, leading to reduced adsorption performance and increased risk of blood coagulation due to trapped air, especially when used in series with artificial kidneys.
Innovation Solution
A blood purification column design featuring filters with an opening rate of 5% to 80% and an equivalent aperture diameter of 1 μm to 5000 μm, with a ratio of filter aperture to adsorbent void space diameter of 45% or greater, made from materials like polyolefin-based resins, and optimized hydrophilicity to enhance air removal and prevent coagulation.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If a filter with small aperture is used to retain adsorbent, then adsorbent retention is improved, but air removal capability deteriorates
Solution Approach 1:
The patent applies parameter changes by optimizing the filter aperture diameter to be 1 μm to 5000 μm and the opening rate to be 5% to 80%, creating a balance between retaining adsorbent particles and allowing air bubbles to pass through. This specific parameter range resolves the contradiction by finding the optimal middle ground where the filter is neither too fine nor too coarse.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent utilizes porous filter materials with controlled pore structures that allow selective passage of air bubbles while retaining adsorbent. The porous structure enables the filter to maintain mechanical strength and adsorbent retention while providing sufficient open area for air removal during priming operations.
2Object-affected harmful factors
If a filter with high opening rate is used to improve air removal, then air removal capability is improved, but adsorbent retention deteriorates
Solution Approach 1:
The patent applies parameter changes by optimizing the filter aperture diameter to be 1 μm to 5000 μm and the opening rate to be 5% to 80%, creating a balance between retaining adsorbent particles and allowing air bubbles to pass through. This specific parameter range resolves the contradiction by finding the optimal middle ground where the filter is neither too fine nor too coarse.
3Object-affected harmful factors
If air remains in the column, then air removal is poor, but blood coagulation risk increases and adsorption performance decreases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent applies preliminary action by enabling air removal during the priming operation before blood is introduced into the column. The filter design allows air bubbles to be expelled during saline filling, eliminating air pockets that would otherwise cause coagulation or reduce adsorption effectiveness when blood flows through the column.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The column efficiently removes air during priming and reduces the likelihood of in-circuit coagulation, maintaining effective adsorption performance by ensuring proper air removal and contact between blood and adsorbent.
Implementation Method 1
a filter satisfies conditions as follows: (1) an opening rate is greater than or equal to 5% and less than or equal to 80%; (2) an equivalent diameter of an aperture is greater than or equal to 1 μm and less than or equal to 5000 μm
Implementation Method 2
blood is passed through a column within which an adsorbent is housed, and removal-object substances in the blood are adsorbed to and removed by the adsorbent
Data Source
AI summary
A blood purification column includes an adsorbent and a casing whose two ends are open ends, wherein the adsorbent is housed inside the casing, and wherein one of two casing ends is a blood inflow-side end portion and another is a blood outflow-side end portion, and wherein a filter is disposed at the blood inflow-side end portion and/or the blood outflow-side end portion of the casing, and wherein the filter satisfies (1)-(3):(1) an opening rate thereof is greater than or equal to 5% and less than or equal to 80%;(2) an equivalent diameter of an aperture thereof is greater than or equal to 1 μm and less than or equal to 5000 μm;(3) a ratio of the equivalent diameter of the aperture thereof to an average circle equivalent diameter of void spaces of the adsorbent is greater than or equal to 45%.