Blood Purification Apparatus Single-Needle Double-Pump Priming Discharge
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Solution Overview
Problem
In blood purification treatments using the single-needle double-pump method, automating the discharge of priming solution from the blood circuit is challenging due to the need for manual monitoring of fluid changes from priming solution to blood, making it difficult to efficiently initiate blood removal.
Innovation Solution
A blood purification apparatus with peristaltic pumps in both arterial and venous blood circuits, controlled by a device that alternates the rotation of these pumps to substitute and discharge the priming solution with blood, utilizing the blood purification device's membranes for filtration and pressure detection to manage the process.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Extent of automation
If the single-needle double-pump method is used with manual monitoring, then the priming solution can be discharged, but the process requires continuous manual intervention and cannot be automated
Solution Approach 1:
The patent employs a control device that receives feedback signals from sensors detecting the presence of priming solution versus blood in the blood circuit. This feedback mechanism enables the system to automatically determine when priming solution has been completely discharged and when to switch pump operations, eliminating the need for manual visual monitoring while maintaining operational safety
Solution Approach 2:
The system is designed to automatically manage the priming solution discharge process without external intervention. The control device autonomously coordinates the alternating rotation of first and second blood pumps, monitors fluid composition changes, and manages the entire blood removal process, allowing the apparatus to serve itself during critical transition phases
2Productivity
If the venous blood circuit pump operates in normal rotation, then blood can be returned to the patient, but the priming solution cannot be discharged through the dialysate drain line
Solution Approach 1:
The patent implements periodic alternation between normal rotation and reverse rotation of the blood pumps. The first blood pump alternates between normal rotation (for blood removal) and reverse rotation (for priming solution discharge), while the second blood pump alternates between reverse rotation (for priming solution discharge) and normal rotation (for blood return). This periodic switching enables continuous priming solution discharge without compromising patient safety
Solution Approach 2:
The system dynamically adjusts pump rotation directions based on real-time detection of fluid composition in the blood circuit. The control device continuously monitors whether the fluid is priming solution or blood and dynamically switches pump operations accordingly, enabling the system to adapt its behavior to the current operational phase and maximize discharge efficiency
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
Enables automatic and efficient discharge of priming solution during blood removal, reducing manual intervention and shortening the process by synchronizing pump rotations and utilizing the blood purification device's filtration capabilities.
Implementation Method 1
a first blood pump that is a peristaltic pump provided to the arterial blood circuit and is capable of introducing the blood of the patient into the blood circuit through the puncture needle when activated to undergo normal rotation; a second blood pump that is a peristaltic pump provided to the venous blood circuit
Implementation Method 2
a blood purification device provided between the arterial blood circuit and the venous blood circuit and that purifies the blood flowing in the blood circuit
Data Source
Figure 1
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AI summary
To provide a blood purification apparatus employing a single-needle double-pump method and being capable of automatically discharging a priming solution that has undergone substitution from a blood circuit during blood removal. A blood purification apparatus includes a blood circuit 1 to which an only puncture needle 3 is connectable, a dialyzer 2 that purifies blood flowing in the blood circuit 1, a first blood pump 5, a second blood pump 6, and a control device 17 that allows the blood of a patient to be extracorporeally circulated through the blood circuit 1 by causing the first blood pump 5 and the second blood pump 6 to alternately undergo normal rotation. During blood removal, the control device 17 operates to substitute a priming solution in the blood circuit 1 with the blood of the patient and to discharge the priming solution having undergone the substitution from the blood circuit 1 by causing the first blood pump 5 to undergo normal rotation and the second blood pump 6 to undergo reverse rotation.