Centrifugal Blood Separation Temperature Adjustment
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Solution Overview
Problem
Conventional blood separation systems do not account for variations in blood temperature, which affects separation efficiency and can lead to reduced efficiency in separating platelet-poor plasma and red blood cells, and increased risk of platelets remaining in the plasma fraction.
Innovation Solution
A blood processing device and method that includes a pump system, valve system, and controller configured to adjust the inflow rate and interface position within a centrifuge based on the temperature of the blood, optimizing separation by adjusting parameters such as inflow rate and interface position to maintain efficient separation across a range of temperatures.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If conventional fixed parameter blood separation procedure is used, then the system is simple to operate, but separation efficiency decreases when blood temperature varies
Solution Approach 1:
The patent implements dynamic adjustment of centrifuge parameters (inflow rate, interface position, centrifugal force) based on real-time blood temperature measurements. The controller continuously monitors temperature and automatically modifies separation parameters to maintain optimal separation efficiency across varying temperature conditions, transforming a static system into an adaptive dynamic system.
Solution Approach 2:
The system changes physical parameters (inflow rate, interface position, centrifugal force) in response to temperature variations. When blood temperature deviates from the optimal range, the controller adjusts these parameters to compensate for viscosity changes and maintain separation performance, effectively using parameter modification to overcome environmental variability.
2Reliability
If temperature-based parameter adjustment is implemented, then separation efficiency is maintained across temperature variations, but device complexity increases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent incorporates a feedback control mechanism where a temperature sensor continuously monitors blood temperature and feeds this information to the controller. The controller then adjusts centrifuge parameters based on the temperature deviation from optimal conditions, creating a closed-loop feedback system that automatically maintains separation efficiency without manual intervention.
Solution Approach 2:
The system performs self-adjustment by automatically detecting temperature changes and modifying its own operating parameters through the controller. This self-service capability eliminates the need for manual parameter adjustment by operators, allowing the system to adapt to temperature variations autonomously while maintaining optimal separation performance.
3Productivity
If blood is processed at non-optimal temperature, then processing speed may be maintained, but platelet contamination in plasma increases
Solution Approach 1:
The system modifies centrifugal force and interface position parameters in response to temperature changes to maintain separation precision. By adjusting these parameters dynamically, the system prevents platelet contamination in the plasma fraction even when processing blood at non-optimal temperatures, ensuring high product quality without sacrificing processing throughput.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The system effectively adapts to varying blood temperatures, enhancing separation efficiency and minimizing the risk of platelet contamination in the plasma fraction, thereby optimizing plasma and red blood cell collection.
Implementation Method 1
The centrifuge rotates the separation chamber of the disposable flow circuit during processing, causing the heavier (greater specific gravity) components of the whole blood in the separation chamber, such as red blood cells, to move radially outwardly away from the center of rotation toward the outer or 'high-G' wall of the separation chamber. The lighter (lower specific gravity) components, such as plasma, migrate toward the inner or 'low-G' wall of the separation chamber.
Data Source
AI summary
A blood processing device includes a pump system, a valve system, a centrifuge, and a controller configured and/or programmed to control the operation of the pump system, the valve system, and the centrifuge to execute a blood separation procedure. The blood separation procedure executed by the controller includes pumping blood into the centrifuge at an inflow rate, separating the blood in the centrifuge into red blood cells and plasma, with an interface between the red blood cells and plasma located at an interface position within the centrifuge, and pumping at least a portion of the red blood cells and at least a portion of the plasma out of the centrifuge. The controller is configured and/or programmed to employ an inflow rate and/or an interface position that is based at least in part on the temperature of the blood.