Blow-Off Valve Flow Geometry for Fast Low-Force Actuation
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing diverter valves face challenges in achieving fast actuation times while requiring low electromagnetic actuating forces, which also necessitates reducing the size and cost of the electromagnet.
Innovation Solution
The diverter valve design features a control body with a radially outer circumferentially closed jacket surface and a circumferential support edge, along with a radially inner axial inflow surface connected via a wall with openings, optimizing the flow direction and pressure balance to reduce closing forces.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Speed
If the control body is moved with very small strokes from the closed position, then fast actuation times are achieved, but the static pressure drops quickly due to dynamic pressure, causing large closing forces to act on the control body
Solution Approach 1:
The patent introduces a membrane as an intermediary element that separates the control body from direct exposure to high-pressure differential forces. The membrane transmits only small residual forces to the control body during actuation, enabling fast stroke movement without being overwhelmed by large closing forces generated by rapid static pressure drops.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent extracts the pressure-bearing function from the control body by introducing a dedicated membrane element. The membrane assumes the role of withstanding the full pressure differential, while the control body is relieved to only handle minimal forces, allowing for rapid actuation without structural compromise.
2Reliability
If large spring forces are used to close the valve, then reliable sealing is achieved, but large electromagnetic forces are required to initiate opening movement
Solution Approach 1:
The membrane serves as a force-transmitting intermediary that decouples the high closing force requirement from the control body. The spring force acts on the membrane, which then transmits only a fraction of this force to the control body, reducing the electromagnetic force needed for actuation while maintaining sealing reliability.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent segments the force transmission path into two distinct stages: the membrane handles the full spring closing force, while the control body handles only the reduced residual force. This segmentation allows the sealing function to be maintained with high spring forces while the actuation function operates with low electromagnetic forces.
3Reliability
If the electromagnet is designed larger to provide sufficient actuating force, then reliable valve operation is achieved, but the installation space and manufacturing cost increase
Solution Approach 1:
The membrane acts as a force-reducing intermediary between the spring and control body, enabling the use of a smaller electromagnet. By transmitting only residual forces to the control body, the membrane allows reliable valve operation with a compact, cost-effective electromagnet design.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent changes the force parameter distribution in the system by introducing the membrane. This transforms the force requirements from the control body, enabling the electromagnet to be designed with smaller dimensions while maintaining reliable operation through the modified force transmission characteristics.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
This design allows for rapid actuation times with reduced electromagnetic forces, enabling a more compact and cost-effective electromagnet, while maintaining a durable and leak-proof valve.
Implementation Method 1
The diverter valve is actuated electromagnetically, with the valve's control body being moved via the armature by the electromagnetic force
Implementation Method 2
Bypass valves are used in a conventional manner to recirculate compressed fresh gas, possibly with recirculated exhaust gas, from the pressure side of a turbocharger compressor back to the suction side of the compressor
Data Source
AI summary
The invention relates to a blow-off valve, comprising: - a flow housing (36) having a flow channel (38) between an inlet (40) and an outlet (42); - a valve seat (44) formed between the inlet and the outlet; - an actuator (10); - an actuation element (28), which can be moved translationally by means of the actuator; and - a control body (34), which is fastened to the actuation element and has a radially outer, peripherally closed lateral surface (46), at the axial end of which lateral surface a peripheral contact edge (56) is formed, which contact edge can be placed onto the valve seat and lifted from the valve seat, wherein the control body has, on the axial side facing away from the actuation element, a radially inner axial flow-incidence surface (66) and has a wall (54), which extends at least radially inward from the lateral surface (46) and in which at least one opening (64) is formed, by means of which an interior (94) of the blow-off valve is fluidically connected to the flow channel. According to the invention, it is proposed that a radially outer annular outflow edge (78) of the axial flow-incidence surface is offset to the contact edge in the axial direction at most to such an extent that a first vector (84) directed radially outward from the outflow edge to the closest point of the contact edge includes at most an angle of 15° with a plane (86) spanned by the contact edge, and the at least radially extending wall having the at least one opening is offset to the contact edge and to the outflow edge axially toward the actuation element.