Bluetooth Mesh Node TTL Optimization for Signal Interference
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Solution Overview
Problem
In dense Bluetooth Mesh networks, the 'Network Flooding' mechanism leads to excessive duplicate data packet forwarding, causing signal interference and communication channel occupation due to unnecessary forwarding traffic.
Innovation Solution
A method that involves maintaining a dynamic one-hop device cache list to determine whether to set or modify the TTL value of data packets based on the destination node's proximity, using RSSI, TTL values, mobility state, and heartbeat packets to optimize data packet forwarding and reduce duplicates.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If network flooding is used to publish and relay message data in Bluetooth Mesh network, then message delivery reliability is improved, but duplicate data packet forwarding increases causing signal interference and communication channel occupation
Solution Approach 1:
The patent applies preliminary action by pre-establishing a one-hop device cache list that stores addresses of nodes within one-hop range before data packet transmission. When a node needs to send a data packet, it first checks the destination address against this pre-built list to determine whether to set TTL to 0 (for direct delivery) or to a value greater than the threshold (for relay), thereby preventing unnecessary forwarding before it occurs.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent applies local quality by differentiating the treatment of data packets based on the destination node's proximity. Nodes within one-hop range (identified via the cache list) receive different TTL handling compared to nodes outside this range. This localized differentiation ensures that nearby nodes receive packets directly without relay, while distant nodes receive packets with appropriate TTL values for relay, thereby reducing duplicate forwarding in the local dense network area.
2Reliability
If relay nodes continuously retransmit data packets to make the Mesh network more robust, then message delivery reliability is improved, but communication channel occupation increases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent applies preliminary action by pre-calculating and storing the one-hop device cache list before data transmission. This allows nodes to make informed TTL decisions before forwarding packets, avoiding unnecessary retransmissions and relay operations that would occupy communication channels unnecessarily.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent applies parameter changes by dynamically adjusting the TTL value based on the destination node's position relative to the source node. If the destination is within one-hop range, TTL is set to 0, preventing relay. If outside one-hop range, TTL is set to a value greater than the threshold, allowing controlled relay. This parameter adjustment optimizes the balance between reliability and channel occupation.
3Adaptability or versatility
If data packets are forwarded through multiple relay nodes to reach distant nodes, then network coverage is improved, but unnecessary forwarding traffic and signal interference increase
Solution Approach 1:
The patent applies preliminary action by pre-building the one-hop device cache list that maps source nodes to their immediate neighbors. This allows efficient determination of whether a destination node is within one-hop range before forwarding, enabling optimal TTL selection that prevents unnecessary multi-hop forwarding traffic while maintaining network coverage capability.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent applies local quality by implementing different forwarding behaviors based on destination proximity. Nodes within one-hop range receive packets with TTL=0 (no relay), while nodes outside this range receive packets with TTL>threshold (relay allowed). This localized differentiation reduces unnecessary forwarding traffic in dense local areas while preserving network coverage for distant nodes.
Data Source
AI summary
A method for processing a data packet at a node in a Bluetooth Mesh network, comprising: (a) determining a one-hop device cache list of the node, wherein the one-hop device cache list comprises an address of one or more one-hop nodes; (b) when the node sends a data packet, checking whether a destination address of the data packet is the same as an address stored in the one-hop device cache list; if yes, setting a TTL value of the data packet to 0 and sending the data packet; otherwise, setting the TTL value of the data packet to be greater than a specified TTL threshold, and sending the data packet; and (c) when the node forwards a data packet, checking whether the destination address of the data packet is the same as an address stored in the one-hop device cache list; if yes, setting the TTL value of the data packet to 1 and forwarding the data packet; otherwise, deducting the TTL value of the data packet by 1 and forwarding the data packet. According to the present disclosure, the problem of signal interference in a dense Bluetooth Mesh network may be significantly reduced.