BMP-Encoding RNA for Bone Regeneration

The patent uses RNA copies of the BMP gene to instruct cells to produce BMP proteins endogenously, rather than administering recombinant BMP proteins directly. This RNA-based approach replicates the natural gene expression process, allowing the body to produce its own growth factors, thereby avoiding the side effects and high costs associated with recombinant protein therapy while maintaining bone regeneration efficacy

The patent introduces RNA as an intermediary molecule that bridges the gap between genetic information and protein production. Instead of directly administering BMP proteins or integrating DNA into the genome, the RNA serves as a temporary mediator that translates the BMP gene sequence into functional proteins in the cytoplasm, achieving bone regeneration without the drawbacks of direct protein administration or viral gene therapy

Instead of using DNA as the starting material for gene therapy (which requires nuclear entry and transcription), the patent inverts the approach by directly introducing RNA into the cytoplasm. This bypasses the problematic DNA delivery step and nuclear import requirements, achieving sustained protein production through direct translation of the introduced RNA while avoiding the immunogenicity and low efficiency associated with DNA-based gene therapy

The patent extracts the essential functional element (the BMP coding sequence) from the DNA context and delivers it directly as RNA to the cytoplasm. This extraction approach removes the problematic aspects of DNA delivery (nuclear entry, transcriptional regulation, genomic integration) while retaining the ability to produce sustained BMP protein expression through direct translation of the introduced RNA