Built-In BMS Battery Venting Structure for Explosion Prevention
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing lithium battery explosion-proof structures rely solely on structural safety measures, which are inadequate in preventing accidents and ensuring overall protective performance, leading to safety hazards.
Innovation Solution
A lithium battery explosion-proof structure incorporating a built-in BMS board with a multi-layer design featuring a positive plastic cover, negative hardware ring, positive aluminum cover, plastic bracket, steel housing, and battery roll core, which includes real-time monitoring and gas discharge mechanisms to prevent explosions.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If only pure structural safety measures are used, then the structure is simple, but the overall protective performance cannot be guaranteed and accidents occur more frequently
Solution Approach 1:
The patent merges structural safety measures with electronic safety systems by integrating a BMS board into the explosion-proof structure. The BMS board monitors battery parameters (voltage, current, temperature) and works in conjunction with the multi-layer protective structure (cover plate, isolation layer, corrugated cover) to provide comprehensive protection, thereby improving overall reliability without excessive complexity increase
Solution Approach 2:
The BMS board acts as an intermediary between the battery core and the external environment, monitoring battery status and controlling gas discharge timing. It mediates between the internal pressure buildup and the explosion-proof release mechanism, enabling intelligent control of the safety system rather than passive structural protection alone
2Reliability
If structural safety measures are enhanced, then protection is improved, but it is still difficult to completely avoid accidents
Solution Approach 1:
The BMS board implements feedback control by continuously monitoring battery parameters (voltage, current, temperature) and adjusting its responses accordingly. When abnormal conditions are detected, the BMS board activates the explosion-proof release mechanism or alerts external systems, creating a closed-loop safety system that adapts to real-time battery status rather than relying solely on passive structural protection
Solution Approach 2:
The BMS board performs preliminary actions by monitoring battery parameters and detecting potential safety issues before they escalate into accidents. It proactively manages charge/discharge processes and triggers preventive measures (such as controlled gas discharge) before critical failure occurs, shifting from reactive to proactive safety management
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The integrated BMS board and multi-layer structure enhance safety performance by monitoring battery data and proactively disconnecting abnormal circuits, effectively isolating internal and external environments and preventing explosions through controlled gas discharge.
Implementation Method 1
the positive aluminum cover thin-walled circle at the inner end of the positive aluminum cover ruptures when pressurized, and discharges the gas at the inner end of the plastic bracket outwardly along the two PCBA bleeder ports
Data Source
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AI summary
Disclosed is a lithium battery explosion-proof structure with a built-in BMS board, including a positive plastic cover, a steel housing and a battery roll core; an inner side of the steel housing being nested and installed with the battery roll core, and an upper end of the steel housing being butted with a plastic bracket; an inner end of the plastic bracket being nested and installed with a positive aluminum cover, and a lower end of the positive aluminum cover being butted with a positive aluminum cover thinwalled circle; an inner end of the positive aluminum cover being nested and installed with a BMS mainboard, and a lower part of a positive column step of the BMS mainboard being provided with PCBA bleeder ports; an inner side of an upper end of the BMS mainboard being nested and installed with a negative hardware ring, and an inner side of the negative hardware ring being nested and installed with the positive plastic cover. Compared with the single structure explosion-proof in the market, the lithium battery explosion-proof structure with a built-in BMS board has multiple safety measures. In addition to a smooth physical pressure relief structure, it also has a BMS circuit monitoring, which can proactively disconnect abnormal circuit and avoid continuous abnormality inside a cell, and can effectively prevent lithium battery from exploding due to accidents.