Battery Management System Fault Detection Circuit
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Solution Overview
Problem
Conventional battery packs face risks of damage due to undetected faults in status sensors and battery management systems, leading to potential over-current, over-temperature, or short circuit conditions that can harm the battery pack and connected system loads.
Innovation Solution
Incorporating multiple sensors and fault detection circuitry within the battery management system to monitor the battery pack's status and detect faults, such as short circuits or open circuits, by analyzing the rate of change of terminal voltage and comparing it with thresholds, allowing for timely corrective actions like replacing faulty sensors or packs.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If fault detection circuitry is added to monitor sensor status, then reliability is improved, but device complexity increases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent combines multiple detection functions into a single integrated detection circuit. The circuit simultaneously monitors voltage, current, and temperature parameters while detecting sensor faults, merging what would otherwise be separate detection systems into one unified structure that reduces overall complexity.
Solution Approach 2:
The detection circuit is designed to perform multiple functions: it monitors battery pack voltage, current sensor output, temperature sensor output, and simultaneously detects faults in these sensors. This multi-functional approach eliminates the need for separate dedicated fault detection circuits for each parameter.
2Measurement precision
If multiple sensors are used to monitor battery status, then measurement precision is improved, but device complexity increases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent integrates multiple sensors (voltage sensor, current sensor, temperature sensor) into a unified monitoring system where all sensors connect to a single detection circuit. This consolidation maintains the measurement capabilities of multiple sensors while reducing the complexity of having separate monitoring systems for each parameter.
Solution Approach 2:
The sensors monitor each other's operational status through the detection circuit. For example, the detection circuit monitors whether the current sensor is functioning correctly by analyzing its output signal, and similarly for the temperature sensor. This self-diagnostic capability eliminates the need for additional dedicated fault detection sensors.
3Reliability
If fault detection circuitry monitors rate of change of voltage, then reliability is improved, but use of energy increases
Solution Approach 1:
The detection circuit monitors the rate of change of voltage at specific intervals rather than continuously. By periodically sampling the voltage and calculating its rate of change, the circuit achieves effective fault detection while reducing power consumption compared to continuous monitoring at high frequency.
Data Source
AI summary
A battery management system includes multiple sensors, status detection circuitry, and fault detection circuitry. The sensors sense statuses of a battery pack. The status detection circuitry detects whether the battery pack is in a normal condition based on the statuses to generate a detection result. The fault detection circuitry detects whether a fault is present in the battery pack. The sensors include a current sensor that senses a battery current of the battery pack. The fault detection circuitry includes a detection circuit that monitors a rate of change of a voltage at a terminal of the battery pack, and detects whether a fault is present in the current sensor based on a result of a comparison between the rate of change and a threshold and based on the detection result.