Battery Management System Overcurrent Protection

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Solution Overview

Problem

Battery management systems (BMS) fail to prevent damage from overcurrent or overvoltage during diagnosis, leading to prolonged stress and instability in battery cells, especially when errors occur instantaneously.

Innovation Solution

A BMS that monitors battery state information, including voltage, current, and temperature, to detect failure events and control the main relay based on maintenance time and occurrence frequency, turning it off when necessary to prevent damage and stress accumulation.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Measurement precision

If the BMS performs diagnosis and detection of error for a predetermined time, then the BMS can detect the error, but the overcurrent or overvoltage state continues causing damage to the battery

Engineering Contradiction:

Improveerror detection capabilityVSAvoidbattery damage from overcurrent/overvoltage

Core Design Contradiction:

Measurement precisionVSObject-affected harmful factors

Solution Approach 1:

The patent applies preliminary action by introducing a preliminary protection mechanism that activates before the predetermined diagnosis time expires. When an error is detected, the protection unit immediately generates a protection signal to turn off the power switch, preventing the battery from undergoing prolonged overcurrent or overvoltage stress during the diagnosis period. This ensures error detection capability is maintained while eliminating the harmful exposure time.

Inventive Principle:

Principle #10Preliminary action

2Reliability

If the relay is not cut off by the fuse for instantaneous overcurrent or overvoltage, then the BMS can respond, but stress is generated and accumulated in the battery

Engineering Contradiction:

ImproveBMS response capabilityVSAvoidbattery stress resistance

Core Design Contradiction:

ReliabilityVSStrength

Solution Approach 1:

The protection unit performs preliminary action by continuously monitoring battery parameters and immediately activating protection when abnormal conditions are detected, even before the fuse's predetermined time expires. This preliminary response prevents instantaneous overcurrent or overvoltage stress from accumulating in the battery, while the BMS maintains its reliability to detect and respond to errors.

Inventive Principle:

Principle #10Preliminary action

Solution Approach 2:

The protection unit serves as an intermediary between the battery and the fuse mechanism. It intercepts instantaneous overcurrent or overvoltage conditions and activates the power switch before the fuse can respond, thereby protecting the battery from stress accumulation. This intermediary mechanism bridges the gap between immediate protection needs and the fuse's delayed response characteristic.

Inventive Principle:

Principle #24Intermediary (Mediator)

Data Source

PatentUS20230163606A1Battery management system and method of managing battery using the same

Publication Date: 2023.05.25 HYUNDAI MOBIS CO LTD

AI summary

Provided is a battery management system. The battery management system includes: a battery management system (BMS) monitoring a battery, turning on/off a main relay connected to an output of the battery, and receiving power through a power switch; a sensor unit measuring a state of the battery to generate battery state information; and a controller configured to receive the battery state information from the sensor unit, detect an occurrence of a failure event of the battery based on the battery state information, control the main relay based on a maintenance time of the failure event and the number of times of the occurrence of the failure event, and provide a turn on/off command to the power switch.