Bogie Motor Cooling via Segmented Airflow and Heat Exchanger

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Solution Overview

Problem

Existing bogie designs face challenges in effectively managing heat dissipation, leading to increased internal motor temperatures, which can result in breakdowns and reduced service life, especially when conventional cooling methods prove insufficient.

Innovation Solution

The bogie incorporates a heat exchanger attached to the frame, forming an air circuit that utilizes both internal and external fans to create airflow, enhancing heat transfer through a large surface area, thereby reducing internal motor temperatures and improving cooling efficiency.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Temperature

If conventional cooling methods (external fan or heat exchanger) are used, then some heat dissipation is achieved, but the internal motor temperature remains too high, leading to breakdowns and reduced service life

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveinternal motor temperatureVSAvoidrisk of breakdown and service life
Core Design Contradiction:
TemperatureVSReliability

Solution Approach 1:

The cooling system is segmented into multiple independent airflow circuits: an external circuit with an external fan for casing cooling, and an internal circuit with an internal fan for direct motor cooling. Each circuit operates independently to address different heat generation zones, enabling more effective temperature control than conventional single-circuit systems.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #1Segmentation

Solution Approach 2:

The internal fan and its airflow circuit are nested within the motor casing, creating a compact internal cooling system. The internal fan draws air through the motor windings and exhausts it to the external environment, nesting the cooling function directly within the motor structure for efficient heat removal from the hottest components.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #7Nested doll (Nesting)

2Temperature

If an external fan is mounted on the motor shaft to achieve forced convection, then some cooling effect is obtained, but the cooling effectiveness is insufficient to prevent temperature increase

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvemotor temperatureVSAvoidcooling efficiency
Core Design Contradiction:
TemperatureVSProductivity

Solution Approach 1:

The cooling function is segmented between an external fan mounted on the shaft for general casing cooling and an internal fan integrated within the motor for direct windings cooling. This segmentation allows each fan to optimize its cooling approach for its specific target zone, significantly improving overall cooling efficiency compared to using only an external fan.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #1Segmentation

Solution Approach 2:

The internal fan acts as an intermediary cooling element that directly interacts with the motor windings and internal air space. By placing this fan within the motor, the system creates an intermediate cooling stage that removes heat at its source before it can transfer to the casing, thereby enhancing overall cooling effectiveness.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #24Intermediary (Mediator)

3Temperature

If a heat exchanger is attached to the carcass to dissipate heat, then heat transfer to the outside atmosphere is achieved, but the internal air temperature remains elevated

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveinternal air temperatureVSAvoidheat dissipation efficiency
Core Design Contradiction:
TemperatureVSProductivity

Solution Approach 1:

The heat dissipation function is segmented into two parallel pathways: a heat exchanger attached to the casing for external heat rejection, and an internal fan-driven airflow circuit for direct internal air cooling. This segmentation allows simultaneous operation of passive heat exchange and active internal convection, achieving both casing temperature control and internal air temperature reduction.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #1Segmentation

Solution Approach 2:

The internal fan serves as an intermediary that actively circulates air through the motor windings and heat exchanger pathway. By introducing this active airflow mediator, the system enhances the passive heat exchanger's effectiveness by continuously supplying warm internal air to the heat exchanger and replacing it with cooler air, thereby improving overall heat dissipation efficiency.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #24Intermediary (Mediator)

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

This solution effectively reduces the risk of breakdowns and extends the service life of the bogie by maintaining internal motor temperatures closer to ambient temperatures, outperforming traditional cooling methods.

Implementation Method 1

a heat exchanger (35) attached to a cross member (37) of the frame (15)

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectHeat transfer: Conduction (thermal)

Implementation Method 2

an internal fan (59A) which creates an air flow between the stator and the rotor and which directs this air flow towards the air outlet

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectForced convection: Forced Convection

Implementation Method 3

an external fan (61A) mounted on a shaft of the motor and adapted to create an airflow against the carcass

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectForced convection: Forced Convection

Implementation Method 4

the first motor releases heat by Joule effect in the windings and by friction

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectJoule heating: Joule Heating

Implementation Method 5

the first motor releases heat by Joule effect in the windings and by friction

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectFriction: Friction

Data Source

PatentEP3205543B1Driving bogie with improved cooling
Publication Date: 2019.06.26 ALSTOM TRANSPORT TECH SAS
  • EP3205543B1 patent drawingFigure 1
  • EP3205543B1 patent drawingFigure 2
  • EP3205543B1 patent drawingFigure 3

AI summary

A bogie (10) adapted for travel in a longitudinal direction (L), comprising: - a frame (15) having at least one cross member (37), - a first axle (20A) and a second axle (20B), - at least one first motor (30A) for driving the first axle, the first motor (30A) having a frame (51A), a rotor (55A), a stator (53A) and at least one internal fan (59A), and - a heat exchanger (35) forming an added component fixed to the cross member, the cross member supporting at least 80% of the weight of the heat exchanger, the heat exchanger having at least one air inlet (75A) connected to an air outlet (67A) of the frame, and at least one air outlet (77A) connected to an air inlet (65A) of the frame, the heat exchanger and the frame defining an air circuit (79A) cooling of the first engine,The heat exchanger comprises walls designed to receive heat carried by the air from the first engine and to dissipate this heat into the atmosphere.