Boil-Off Gas Reliquefaction Using Immersed Heat Exchange Lines

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Solution Overview

Problem

The existing methods for reliquefying boil-off gas from liquefied gas tanks are costly and wasteful, as they often require specialized facilities and result in incineration or disposal of the gas, and direct injection of bubbles into the tank leads to inefficient reliquefaction.

Innovation Solution

A boil-off gas processing apparatus with a discharge line and a reliquefaction line that immerses in the liquefied gas tank, maintaining necessary pressure and length for heat transfer, allowing for reliquefaction and return of the gas without external reliquefying apparatuses, and includes a pressure holding device to condense and trap the gas.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Stress or pressure

If boil-off gas is removed by compressor to external processing apparatus, then tank pressure is maintained, but facility cost and operating cost become enormous

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvetank pressureVSAvoidfacility cost
Core Design Contradiction:
Stress or pressureVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The invention extracts the reliquefaction function from external processing apparatus and relocates it directly into the storage tank through immersed heat exchange pipes. This eliminates the need for external compressors and processing facilities, thereby maintaining tank pressure while dramatically reducing facility and operating costs.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #2Taking out (Extraction)

Solution Approach 2:

The storage tank performs its own reliquefaction operation using its stored liquefied gas as the cooling medium. The system is self-sufficient, using the cold liquefied gas already present in the tank to cool and reliquefy the boil-off gas, eliminating dependence on external energy sources or complex processing equipment.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #25Self-service

2Productivity

If boil-off gas is directly injected as bubbles into liquefied gas tank, then reliquefaction occurs, but bubbles quickly rise and return to gas phase

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvereliquefaction efficiencyVSAvoidreliquefaction completeness
Core Design Contradiction:
ProductivityVSReliability

Solution Approach 1:

The invention introduces heat exchange pipes as an intermediary structure between the boil-off gas and the liquefied gas. Instead of direct bubble injection, the gas is cooled through the pipe walls by the immersed pipes, providing a controlled and efficient heat transfer pathway that ensures complete reliquefaction.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #24Intermediary (Mediator)

Solution Approach 2:

The invention replaces the mechanical bubble injection method with a thermal field-based heat exchange system. By using the temperature difference between the cold liquefied gas and the warmer boil-off gas through immersed pipes, the system achieves reliable reliquefaction without relying on bubble dynamics that cause gas to rise and re-evaporate.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #28Mechanics substitution (Replace mechanical system)

3Productivity

If external reliquefying apparatus is used, then boil-off gas can be reliquefied, but facility cost becomes enormous

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvereliquefaction capabilityVSAvoidfacility cost
Core Design Contradiction:
ProductivityVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The invention merges the reliquefaction function with the storage tank itself by immersing heat exchange pipes directly into the tank. This integration eliminates the need for separate external reliquefying apparatus, combining storage and processing functions into a single system, thereby maintaining full reliquefaction capability while dramatically reducing facility costs.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #5Merging (Combining)

Solution Approach 2:

The immersed heat exchange pipes serve multiple functions: they act as both cooling elements for reliquefaction and structural components within the tank. This multi-functionality eliminates the need for dedicated external processing equipment, reducing overall system complexity and cost while maintaining effective boil-off gas处理能力.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #6Universality (Multi-functionality)

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

This solution reduces facility and operating costs by allowing reliquefaction within the tank, preventing pressure buildup, and minimizing gas incineration or disposal, while maintaining tank pressure below predetermined limits.

Implementation Method 1

a boil-off gas reliquefaction line configured to immerse at least part of the boil-off gas discharge line in the liquefied gas within the liquefied gas tank

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectHeat transfer: Conduction (thermal)

Implementation Method 2

the boil-off gas reliquefaction line maintains a pressure necessary for reliquefaction of the boil-off gas and has a length sufficient to be able to release an amount of heat necessary for reliquefaction of the boil-off gas

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectCondensation: Condensation

Implementation Method 3

the boil-off gas reliquefaction line maintains a pressure necessary for reliquefaction of the boil-off gas

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectPhase change: Phase Change

Data Source

PatentEP2706282B1Boil-off gas processing device and liquefied gas tank
Publication Date: 2019.10.02 JAPAN MARINE UNITED CORPORATION
  • EP2706282B1 patent drawingFigure 1A
  • EP2706282B1 patent drawingFigure 1B
  • EP2706282B1 patent drawingFigure 2

AI summary

A boil-off gas processing apparatus for reliquefying a boil-off gas (22) generated within a liquefied gas tank (2) storing a liquefied gas (21) and returning the reliquefied gas to the interior of the liquefied gas tank (2) includes a boil-off gas discharge line (3) configured to discharge the boil-off gas (22) from the liquefied gas tank (2) to outside, and a boil-off gas reliquefaction line (4) configured to immerse at least part of the boil-off gas discharge line (3) in the liquefied gas (21) within the liquefied gas tank (2), wherein the boil-off gas reliquefaction line (4) includes a pressure holding device (42) configured to maintains a pressure necessary for reliquefaction of the boil-off gas (22) and has a length (L) sufficient to be able to absorb an amount of heat necessary for reliquefaction of the boil-off gas (22).