Bone Adhesive with Stabilized Calcium Phosphate
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Solution Overview
Problem
Current dental and biomedical adhesives face challenges with the instability of amorphous calcium phosphate in acidic conditions and water, leading to poor mechanical properties and limited use in load-bearing applications, along with issues of tooth sensitivity and bond porosity due to volatile solvent evaporation.
Innovation Solution
A polymerizable adhesive composition incorporating stabilized calcium phosphate salts with pendant methacrylate groups, multifunctional acidic monomers, and a polymerization initiator system, which forms a strong ionic bond with tooth structures and is stable in acidic conditions, eliminating the need for volatile solvents and enhancing mechanical properties.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If amorphous calcium phosphate is used as a bioactive filler, then tooth remineralization and prevention are improved, but stability in water and acidic conditions deteriorates
Solution Approach 1:
The patent modifies the chemical structure of calcium phosphate by incorporating organic phosphate groups with polymerizable moieties. This changes the chemical parameters of the material, creating a stable organically modified calcium phosphate that maintains bioactivity while resisting degradation in water and acidic conditions. The organic modification prevents the transformation from amorphous calcium phosphate to hydroxyapatite while preserving the remineralization function.
Solution Approach 2:
The invention creates a composite material combining inorganic calcium phosphate with organic phosphate groups and polymerizable chains. This composite structure integrates the bioactive properties of calcium phosphate with the stability and processability of organic polymers, achieving both remineralization capability and chemical stability in the oral environment.
2Reliability
If calcium phosphate cement is used as structural support, then bone repair is improved, but mechanical properties deteriorate
Solution Approach 1:
The patent modifies the physical and chemical parameters of calcium phosphate by creating an organically modified version with polymerizable groups. This enables the material to undergo polymerization and cross-linking, dramatically increasing mechanical strength and stiffness while maintaining the bone repair function through calcium and phosphate ion release.
Solution Approach 2:
The invention develops a composite system where organically modified calcium phosphate particles are dispersed in a polymerizable resin matrix. This composite combines the bioactive bone repair properties of calcium phosphate with the high mechanical strength of polymer matrices, creating a material suitable for load-bearing applications.
3Ease of operation
If volatile solvents are used to carry polymerizable resin, then infiltration into dentinal tubules is improved, but bond porosity and tooth sensitivity increase
Solution Approach 1:
The patent removes volatile solvents from the adhesive formulation entirely. Instead of using ethanol or acetone to carry the polymerizable resin, the invention employs water-soluble or water-miscible alternative carriers that eliminate evaporation-related porosity while maintaining the ability to infiltrate dentinal tubules effectively.
Solution Approach 2:
The invention changes the solvent system from volatile organic compounds to non-volatile or low-volatility alternatives. This parameter change eliminates the harmful effects of solvent evaporation (porosity and sensitivity) while preserving the essential function of carrying polymerizable resin into dentinal tubules for micro-mechanical bonding.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The adhesive composition achieves a shear bond strength of at least 8 MPa, is storage stable for up to 24 months, and prevents tooth sensitivity by forming a stable ionic bond network, improving durability and remineralization of dentin.
Implementation Method 1
a polymerization initiator system
Implementation Method 2
The material relies on micro-mechanical attachment, the association of like moieties for tooth integration, and the presence of phosphate ions to form a chemical bond to calcium ions in the tooth
Implementation Method 3
Calcium and phosphate ions released from ACP composites, especially in response to changes in the oral environment caused by bacterial plaque or acidic foods, can be deposited into the tooth structures as an apatite mineral
Data Source
AI summary
An adhesive composition for bonding to bone and bone-like structures includes a polymerizable, multifunctional acidic monomer having a concentration ranging from about 5% to about 45% by weight of the adhesive composition, one or more multifunctional monomers with one or more ethylenically unsaturated groups having a concentration ranging from about 20% to about 60% by weight of the adhesive composition, an organically modified calcium phosphate salt with one or more pendant polymerizable groups having a concentration ranging from about 1% to about 50% by weight of the adhesive composition, and a polymerization initiator system. A method of forming the adhesive composition is also provided.