Bone Marrow Nucleated Cell Separation for Bone Formation
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Solution Overview
Problem
Current bone grafting methods, such as autografting and allografting, face challenges like donor site pain, limited availability, immune rejection, and infection risks, while bone marrow injections are inefficient due to limited cell quantity and unclear theoretical basis, and existing methods are unsuitable for emergency or repeated surgical scenarios.
Innovation Solution
A method involving the rapid separation of bone marrow-derived nucleated cells by washing, lysing red blood cells, neutralizing, purifying, and mixing with a maintenance buffer for injection into bone formation sites, allowing for effective and reliable bone formation without clinical rejection.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If autografting is performed to obtain bone graft material, then bone formation can be achieved, but severe pain at harvest site and long recovery period occur
Solution Approach 1:
The invention extracts and separates only the nucleated cells from bone marrow using density gradient centrifugation, rather than harvesting solid bone tissue. This extraction approach obtains the essential bone-forming cells while avoiding the harmful effects of donor site trauma, pain, and long recovery associated with traditional autografting.
Solution Approach 2:
The invention uses bone marrow as an intermediary source to obtain osteoprogenitor cells, rather than directly harvesting bone tissue. The nucleated cells extracted from bone marrow serve as mediators that can differentiate into osteoblasts and form bone at the target site, eliminating the need for painful bone harvesting while maintaining bone formation effectiveness.
2Ease of operation
If allografting is performed to avoid donor site issues, then bone grafting can be performed, but immune rejection and infection risks increase
Solution Approach 1:
The invention uses the patient's own nucleated cells extracted from their bone marrow, making the system self-service and eliminating the need for allografting. The autologous nature of the cells ensures immune compatibility while providing adequate availability through the separation process, avoiding both donor site issues and immune rejection risks.
3Object-affected harmful factors
If bone marrow injection is performed to avoid donor site incision, then no donor site complications occur, but the number of osteoprogenitor cells is very limited
Solution Approach 1:
The invention extracts and concentrates nucleated cells from bone marrow through density gradient centrifugation, separating them from other bone marrow components. This extraction process increases the concentration and number of available osteoprogenitor cells compared to direct bone marrow injection, while still avoiding donor site incision complications.
Solution Approach 2:
The invention changes the concentration parameter of osteoprogenitor cells by separating and purifying nucleated cells from whole bone marrow. This parameter change increases the density and number of viable osteoprogenitor cells in the final product, making it sufficient for effective bone formation while maintaining the advantage of no donor site incision.
4Quantity of substance
If cultured osteoblasts are used for bone grafting, then sufficient cell quantity is achieved, but culturing period of 3-4 weeks makes it difficult for emergency patients
Solution Approach 1:
The invention performs preliminary separation and concentration of nucleated cells from bone marrow before surgery, but does not require extended in vitro culturing. The cells are prepared and concentrated in advance through density gradient centrifugation, providing sufficient cell quantity ready for immediate implantation, thus eliminating the 3-4 week culturing delay while ensuring adequate cell numbers for effective bone formation.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
Enables rapid and convenient separation and injection of nucleated cells for effective bone formation, reducing clinical rejection and improving reliability for emergency and repeated surgical cases, while avoiding the limitations of traditional bone grafting techniques.
Implementation Method 1
a first density gradient separation step for separating the nucleated cells from the bone marrow
Implementation Method 2
a second density gradient separation step for separating contaminants from the nucleated cells
Data Source
AI summary
The present invention relates to a method for separating bone marrow-derived nucleated cells for bone formation. The method comprises: the steps of: washing bone marrow; lysing red blood cells in the bone marrow; neutralizing the bone marrow lysate; purifying nucleated cells from the neutralized bone marrow; and mixing the nucleated cells with a maintenance buffer for bone formation. According to the invention, bone marrow-derived nucleated cells, which can be grafted into a site in need of bone formation or bone defect treatment, can be separated in a rapid and convenient manner. As a result, bone formation in emergency patients or patients, who require repeated surgical operations, can be effectively achieved by separating the nucleated cells for bone formation in surgical locations in a convenient and rapid manner and injecting the separated cells into the patients.