3D Bone Model Generation from 2D X-Ray Images
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Solution Overview
Problem
Current methods for creating 3D models of joints rely heavily on costly MRI scans and complex mathematical calculations, making them inefficient and inaccessible in settings without MRI technology or facing reimbursement issues.
Innovation Solution
A method and system for generating a custom 3D bone model using 2D images, aligning them to a predetermined coordinate system, and modifying a library of representative bones to create a precise 3D model, reducing computational requirements and eliminating the need for MRI scans.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Measurement precision
If MRI scans are used to create 3D models of joints, then measurement precision and manufacturing precision are improved, but cost and device complexity increase significantly
Solution Approach 1:
The patent creates 3D bone models by copying and transforming 2D X-ray image data into three-dimensional representations. Instead of requiring complex MRI imaging systems, the invention uses readily available 2D X-ray images as input and generates accurate 3D models through mathematical transformations and coordinate system conversions, thereby reducing device complexity while maintaining measurement precision
Solution Approach 2:
The invention replaces expensive, complex MRI scanning equipment with inexpensive, widely available 2D X-ray imaging technology. By using simple 2D images that can be obtained from standard radiography equipment rather than requiring sophisticated MRI systems, the patent significantly reduces the cost and complexity barriers to creating accurate 3D joint models
2Manufacturing precision
If complex mathematical calculations are used to convert 2D images to 3D models, then manufacturing precision is improved, but computational requirements and processing time increase
Solution Approach 1:
The patent performs preliminary actions by establishing predetermined coordinate systems and transformation matrices before the actual 3D model generation process. By pre-defining the mathematical frameworks and transformation relationships between 2D image coordinates and 3D anatomical coordinates, the invention streamlines the conversion process and reduces computational requirements during actual model creation while maintaining high precision
Solution Approach 2:
The invention transforms the complex 3D reconstruction problem into a series of parameter transformations by changing the mathematical representation from direct 3D coordinate calculations to 2D image parameter mappings. By using affine transformations and coordinate system conversions with predetermined parameters, the patent reduces computational complexity while preserving manufacturing precision
3Manufacturing precision
If MRI technology is required for patient-specific joint replacement, then manufacturing precision is improved, but accessibility and ease of manufacture deteriorate
Solution Approach 1:
The patent creates a universal system that works with standard 2D X-ray imaging equipment that is widely available in most medical facilities, rather than requiring specialized MRI technology. By designing the 3D model generation process to be compatible with common radiography systems, the invention makes patient-specific joint replacement planning accessible to a much broader range of healthcare facilities while maintaining the precision needed for manufacturing custom instruments
4Manufacturing precision
If user intervention is required to ensure bone model matching, then manufacturing precision is improved, but time consumption and operational complexity increase
Solution Approach 1:
The patent implements self-service by enabling the system to automatically match the generated 3D bone model with the patient's actual anatomy through automated comparison algorithms and iterative refinement processes. The system independently adjusts and validates the bone model matching without requiring extensive manual user intervention, thereby reducing time consumption while maintaining high matching accuracy through self-correcting computational methods
Data Source
AI summary
A method of generating a custom three-dimensional model of a bone is disclosed. A 2D image of the bone is obtained and an orientation and scale of the 2D image are aligned to a pre-determined coordinate system. Based on the 2D image, a representative bone is identified from a library of representative bones that are aligned to the pre-determined coordinate system. Based on the 2D image, an ideal view of a 3D model of the representative bone is selected. Modifications may be made to the 3D model by using additional representative bones from the library. A custom three-dimensional model of the bone is thereby generated.