3D Bone Surface Reconstruction from Fluoroscopy
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Solution Overview
Problem
Current medical imaging technologies for generating three-dimensional models from two-dimensional images, such as constructing patient-specific bone surfaces, face challenges including increased radiation exposure for patients and high costs, while systems without pre-existing data lack accuracy.
Innovation Solution
A method using a Point Distribution Model (PDM) and iterative image-to-model correspondence establishing algorithm for reconstructing three-dimensional bone surfaces from calibrated fluoroscopic images, employing rigid matching followed by elastic deformation, which improves accuracy and reduces radiation exposure and costs.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Measurement precision
If tomographic detection systems (CT, MR) or X-ray images are produced specifically for navigation, then accurate body structure data is obtained, but radiation load on the patient increases and costs increase
Solution Approach 1:
The patent applies preliminary action by pre-acquiring body structure data from tomographic detection systems during the patient's initial treatment plan creation, rather than acquiring it again during surgery. This pre-acquired data is then stored and reused during the surgical procedure, eliminating the need for additional radiation-exposing tomographic scans specifically for navigation purposes while maintaining accurate body structure information.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent uses copying by creating a digital three-dimensional model of the patient's body structure from pre-acquired tomographic data. This digital copy can then be repeatedly accessed and used for navigation and surgical guidance without requiring repeated physical radiation exposure to the patient, thus reducing radiation load while preserving measurement precision.
2Measurement precision
If tomographic detection systems (CT, MR) or X-ray images are produced specifically for navigation, then accurate body structure data is obtained, but device costs increase
Solution Approach 1:
The system performs preliminary acquisition of body structure data during the initial treatment planning phase, storing the data for later use during surgery. This eliminates the need for expensive tomographic detection systems to be available and operational during the surgical procedure, reducing overall system cost requirements while maintaining data accuracy.
Solution Approach 2:
By creating and storing a digital three-dimensional model copy of the patient's anatomy from pre-acquired data, the system eliminates the need for expensive real-time tomographic imaging equipment during surgery. The digital copy can be repeatedly accessed without additional hardware costs, reducing device complexity and overall system expense.
3Object-affected harmful factors
If systems without pre-existing data are used, then radiation exposure is reduced, but accuracy of patient-specific models decreases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent applies preliminary action by acquiring high-quality body structure data from tomographic systems during the initial treatment planning phase, before surgery. This pre-acquired data serves as the foundation for creating accurate patient-specific three-dimensional models that can be reused during surgery without additional radiation exposure, thus maintaining accuracy while reducing radiation.
Solution Approach 2:
The system creates a digital copy of the patient's anatomy from pre-acquired tomographic data, enabling accurate patient-specific modeling without requiring repeated radiation exposure. This digital copy can be manipulated and used for surgical navigation while maintaining the accuracy of the original anatomical data, resolving the contradiction between radiation reduction and model accuracy.
4Manufacturing precision
If a Point Distribution Model (PDM) with iterative image-to-model correspondence is used, then reconstruction accuracy is improved, but computational complexity and processing time increase
Solution Approach 1:
The patent applies segmentation by dividing the complex bone surface reconstruction problem into distinct stages: (1) establishing correspondence between 2D image features and 3D model features, (2) computing deformation fields based on corresponding points, and (3) applying deformation to generate the final 3D model. This segmentation of the computational process makes the complex PDM approach more manageable and optimizes processing efficiency while maintaining high reconstruction accuracy.
Data Source
AI summary
A method for generating a three-dimensional model of a structure based on at least one two-dimensional image of the structure includes obtaining a general three-dimensional model of the structure; determining at least one image feature from the at least one two-dimensional image; determining an orientation of the general three-dimensional model of the structure relative to the at least one two-dimensional image of the structure so that at least one image feature of a two-dimensional projection of the three-dimensional model match or at least approximate the at least one two-dimensional image feature; and after determining the orientation of the general three-dimensional model, morphing a form or shape of the general three-dimensional model to fit the at least one two-dimensional image.