Integrated Boost-Buck Circuit for EV Mode Switching
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing power electronic equipment in new energy vehicles can only realize either the boost or buck discharge function in the same apparatus, lacking the capability to efficiently switch between both functions.
Innovation Solution
A boost and buck apparatus and system that includes a boost and buck circuit and a transistor controller, capable of outputting voltages greater than or less than the input voltage, with the transistor controller controlling the circuit's operation based on the vehicle's mode (drive or charging) to achieve both boost and buck functions.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Ease of manufacture
If a power electronic apparatus is designed to achieve only boost or buck discharge function, then the device structure can be simplified and easier to manufacture, but the adaptability and versatility are reduced because it cannot efficiently switch between both boost and buck functions
Solution Approach 1:
The power electronic apparatus is designed with a universal circuit structure that can perform both boost and buck discharge functions. The circuit includes switching elements (first and second switches), reactive elements (inductor and capacitor), and controllable devices that can be configured through different switching states to achieve either voltage step-up (boost) or voltage step-down (buck) operations, allowing one apparatus to serve multiple functions.
Solution Approach 2:
The apparatus employs dynamic control of switching elements and controllable devices to transition between boost and buck modes. The switching elements can be turned on or off in different sequences and combinations, and the controllable devices can adjust their conduction angles, enabling the circuit to dynamically reconfigure its topology and adapt between different discharge functions based on real-time requirements.
2Adaptability or versatility
If a power electronic apparatus is designed with complex circuit structure to achieve both boost and buck functions, then the adaptability and versatility are improved, but the device complexity increases making it harder to manufacture and control
Solution Approach 1:
The patent merges the boost and buck circuit topologies into a single integrated power electronic apparatus. Instead of using separate boost and buck circuits, the invention combines their essential components (switches, inductor, capacitor, controllable devices) into one unified structure that can perform both functions, thereby reducing overall system complexity while maintaining versatility.
Solution Approach 2:
The apparatus achieves different discharge functions by changing the operating parameters of existing components rather than adding complex circuitry. By adjusting the switching states of the first and second switches, the conduction angles of the controllable devices, and the timing sequences, the same physical circuit can operate in boost mode or buck mode, simplifying the overall device structure.
3Productivity
If the transistor controller switches between boost and buck modes frequently, then the power management efficiency is improved to meet varying power supply and charging demands, but the loss of time for switching transitions increases
Solution Approach 1:
The controller prepares for mode transitions by pre-positioning the switching elements and controllable devices in optimal states before the actual transition occurs. This preliminary action minimizes the time required for switching between boost and buck modes, as the components are already in favorable positions for the upcoming operation, reducing dead time and improving overall power management efficiency.
Solution Approach 2:
The controller employs periodic switching patterns with optimized duty cycles to manage the transitions between boost and buck modes. By using periodic control signals with carefully designed timing, the system can efficiently switch modes while minimizing transition losses and ensuring smooth operation, thereby reducing the effective time lost during switching operations.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
Enables simultaneous realization of boost and buck discharge functions, optimizing power management in new energy vehicles by efficiently switching between modes to meet power supply and charging demands.
Implementation Method 1
the boost and buck circuit includes a first capacitance, an inductance, a diode, a first transistor, a second transistor, a third transistor, and a second capacitance
Data Source
AI summary
Disclosed are a boost and buck apparatus and a boost and buck system. The boost and buck apparatus includes: a boost and buck circuit configured to output a first output voltage under first control of a transistor controller, the first output voltage being greater than or less than a first input voltage, the first input voltage being a voltage of an external power battery, and the first output voltage being configured to supply power to an inverter of a vehicle motor; and a transistor controller configured to output the first control to the boost and buck circuit in response to that the vehicle is in a drive mode, and the first control being first on/off control of a controllable device of the boost and buck circuit.