Boosted No-Lance Injection System for Flue Gas Emissions
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Solution Overview
Problem
Current lance-based systems for reducing acid and metal emissions in combustion systems face issues such as lance warping, clogging, increased maintenance costs, uneven sorbent distribution, and mechanical complexity, leading to inefficient pollutant capture and potential non-compliance with emissions regulations.
Innovation Solution
The implementation of a boosted no-lance injection system (BNLS) that uses a high volumetric flow air injection nozzle and a transport nozzle to inject sorbents into the ductwork, allowing for efficient sorbent distribution and calcination, while eliminating the need for lance penetration and reducing pressure drops, with the option of non-vertical nozzle orientation for increased design flexibility.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If multiple injection lances are added to distribute sorbent across the cross-section of the flue gas duct, then pollutant capture efficacy is improved, but device complexity and transport air requirements increase
Solution Approach 1:
The flue gas duct cross-section is divided into multiple zones, with injection lances strategically positioned in each zone to distribute sorbent evenly across the entire cross-section, achieving comprehensive pollutant capture without requiring excessive numbers of lances
Solution Approach 2:
Injection lances are extended deep into the ductwork to reach multiple levels of the flue gas flow, utilizing the depth dimension to improve sorbent distribution efficiency and reduce the number of lances needed across the cross-section
2Reliability
If the number of injection lances is increased to improve sorbent distribution, then pollutant capture is enhanced, but transport air flow load and equipment sizing must be increased
Solution Approach 1:
Injection lances are positioned to target specific zones within the flue gas duct where pollutant concentrations are highest, delivering sorbent where it is most needed rather than uniformly distributing it across all areas, thereby reducing total air volume requirements
Solution Approach 2:
Different injection lances are positioned at different locations and angles to create localized high-velocity sorbent injection zones that effectively mix with flue gas in specific areas, improving distribution efficiency without proportionally increasing total air flow
3Reliability
If in-duct mixing devices such as baffle plates are added to increase mixing of sorbent and flue gas, then sorbent distribution is improved, but gas pressure loss increases and maintenance requirements increase
Solution Approach 1:
High-velocity air streams are used to transport and inject sorbent directly into the flue gas flow, utilizing pneumatic forces to achieve thorough mixing without requiring mechanical mixing devices that would cause pressure losses
Solution Approach 2:
The high-velocity injection of sorbent creates turbulent mixing patterns and eddies in the flue gas flow, effectively mixing sorbent and flue gas through dynamic fluid motion rather than static mixing structures
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The BNLS system effectively reduces acid and metal emissions by ensuring uniform sorbent distribution and calcination, minimizing maintenance needs, and enhancing system design freedom, thereby improving operational efficiency and compliance with emissions regulations.
Implementation Method 1
a high volumetric flow air injection nozzle for communication with a high volumetric flow air mover. The high volumetric flow air mover may be configured to move high volumetric flow air at a velocity sufficient to promote calcination of the sorbent during or after transport, or during or after injection into the ductwork
Implementation Method 2
a transport nozzle for communication with a transport air mover and a sorbent supply. The transport air mover may be configured to move the transport air at a velocity sufficient to prevent plugging of the transport line with the solid sorbent
Implementation Method 3
The high volumetric flow air mover may be configured to move high volumetric flow air at a velocity sufficient to promote calcination of the sorbent during or after transport, or during or after injection into the ductwork
Implementation Method 4
The present inventions relate generally to systems and methods for reducing acid and metal emissions from combustion systems
Implementation Method 5
obtaining a sorbent for capture of acid gas and metal pollutants
Data Source
AI summary
A boosted no-lance injection system (BNLS) and methods of operating a combustion system to reduce acid gas or metal emissions in the flue gas is shown and described. In one embodiment, a BNLS includes an injection device, a high volumetric flow air mover, a transport air mover, a sorbent hopper and a mounting apparatus. In other embodiments, a method of operating a combustion system includes positioning the BNLS to inject into the ductwork, applying transport air and sorbent into the ductwork, and applying the high volumetric flow air into the ductwork. The result is methods and systems for reducing acid or metal emissions in the flue gas.