Amorphous Boron Nitride Anode Collector for Uniform Lithium Deposition
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Solution Overview
Problem
Lithium metal batteries face challenges in forming a uniform lithium layer on the anode current collector, leading to dendrite formation, which causes short circuits and reduces battery capacity and output characteristics, making it difficult to commercialize lithium metal batteries.
Innovation Solution
An anode current collector with a surface modified by an amorphous boron nitride layer, which reduces nucleation overpotentials and allows for the formation of a dense, uniform metal-containing layer, such as lithium, suppressing dendrite formation and enabling high energy density and stability.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Use of energy by moving object
If lithium metal is deposited on a current collector surface, then high energy density is achieved, but dendrite structure forms causing short circuits and capacity loss
Solution Approach 1:
An amorphous boron nitride layer with atomic thickness (0.1-10 nm) is introduced as an intermediary between the current collector substrate and the lithium metal layer. This intermediate layer modifies the surface properties to reduce nucleation overpotentials and guide uniform lithium deposition, preventing dendrite formation while maintaining high energy density.
Solution Approach 2:
The surface properties of the current collector are modified by depositing an amorphous boron nitride layer with specific thickness parameters (0.1-10 nm). This changes the nucleation characteristics and surface energy, enabling uniform lithium metal deposition without dendrites while preserving high capacity.
2Quantity of substance
If lithium metal is deposited on a current collector surface, then high capacity is achieved, but non-uniform lithium layer forms leading to dead Li and capacity reduction
Solution Approach 1:
The amorphous boron nitride layer serves as a mediator that promotes uniform lithium nucleation and growth. By modifying the surface interface, it ensures homogeneous distribution of lithium metal, preventing the formation of dead Li regions and maintaining high usable capacity.
Solution Approach 2:
Deposition of the amorphous boron nitride layer with controlled thickness (0.1-10 nm) changes the surface nucleation parameters, enabling uniform lithium metal deposition. This precise control of layer thickness optimizes both uniformity and capacity.
3Reliability
If high nucleation overpotentials are present on the current collector surface, then uniform lithium nucleation is difficult to control, but this is necessary to prevent dendrites
Solution Approach 1:
The amorphous boron nitride layer modifies the surface nucleation parameters by reducing nucleation overpotentials to an optimal range. This enables controllable and uniform lithium nucleation while still preventing dendrite formation, solving the contradiction between controllability and safety.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The modified anode current collector suppresses dendrite structure formation, ensuring constant energy density and stability, and facilitates uniform lithium deposition, enhancing the performance and commercial viability of lithium metal batteries.
Implementation Method 1
it is difficult to technically control a uniform lithium nucleation due to high nucleation overpotentials of the surface of the current collector
Implementation Method 2
If lithium metal is used as an anode, a lithium layer with a dendrite structure may be formed in a process of depositing the lithium metal on a surface of a current collector
Data Source
AI summary
The present invention relates to an anode current collector and a metal battery comprising same, and, more specifically, to an anode current collector and a metal battery comprising same, the anode current collector comprising: a current collector substrate; an amorphous boron nitride layer formed on at least one portion of the current collector substrate; and a metal-containing layer formed on at least one portion of the amorphous boron nitride layer.