Boron Phosphate Electrolyte Additive for High Temperature Battery Stability
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Solution Overview
Problem
Lithium-ion secondary batteries experience performance deterioration under high temperature environments, requiring improved discharge capacity, energy density, high temperature cycle performance, and storage performance for electric vehicle applications.
Innovation Solution
An electrolyte comprising a non-aqueous organic solvent, an electrolyte salt, and an additive of boron phosphate, which forms a stable protective membrane on the active material surface, reducing side reactions and gas generation, and enhancing high temperature performance through complexation reactions.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Temperature
If conventional electrolyte is used under high temperature environment, then the battery can operate at high temperature, but the performance of the lithium-ion secondary battery is seriously deteriorated
Solution Approach 1:
The patent introduces boron phosphate as an intermediary substance that mediates between the electrolyte and the positive active material. This intermediary forms a protective membrane that prevents direct harmful interactions while allowing ionic transport, thus resolving the contradiction between high temperature operation and performance deterioration
Solution Approach 2:
The patent changes the chemical composition parameter of the electrolyte by adding boron phosphate, which alters the properties of the protective membrane formed on the active material surface. This parameter change enables the membrane to remain stable and effective at high temperatures, improving cycle performance
2Temperature
If conventional electrolyte is used under high temperature environment, then the battery can operate at high temperature, but the high temperature storage performance is seriously deteriorated
Solution Approach 1:
Boron phosphate acts as a protective intermediary that forms a stable interface layer between the electrolyte and active material. This intermediary layer prevents storage-related degradation reactions at high temperatures, thereby improving storage performance while maintaining high temperature operability
3Ease of operation
If conventional electrolyte is used, then the battery can function normally, but the gas generation amount after stored under high temperature environment is increased
Solution Approach 1:
The boron phosphate intermediary forms a protective membrane that prevents direct contact between the electrolyte and active material, thereby suppressing parasitic reactions that generate gas during high temperature storage while maintaining normal battery operation
Solution Approach 2:
The patent converts the potential harm of high temperature storage (which normally causes gas generation) into a benefit by using the heat to form a stable protective membrane through the boron phosphate additive, which then prevents further degradation and gas generation
4Ease of operation
If conventional electrolyte is used, then the battery can operate, but the amount of transition metal dissolution of the positive active material is increased
Solution Approach 1:
Boron phosphate serves as a protective intermediary that forms a membrane barrier between the electrolyte and positive active material. This intermediary layer reduces the dissolution of transition metals into the electrolyte while maintaining ionic conductivity for normal battery operation
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The electrolyte with boron phosphate improves high temperature cycle and storage performance of lithium-ion secondary batteries by reducing transition metal dissolution and gas generation, while maintaining capacity retention and minimizing volume expansion.
Implementation Method 1
oxidation products of the boron phosphate during charging process can form a stable protective membrane on the surface of the active material
Implementation Method 2
there is a complexation reaction between B atom in the boron phosphate and hydrofluoric acid in the electrolyte
Data Source
AI summary
The present disclosure provides an electrolyte and a secondary battery. The electrolyte comprises: a non-aqueous organic solvent; an electrolyte salt dissolved in the non-aqueous organic solvent; and an additive dissolved in the non-aqueous organic solvent. The additive comprises a first additive, the first additive is selected from boron phosphate represented by formula 1. When the electrolyte of the present disclosure is applied in the secondary battery, the performances of the secondary battery under high temperature environment can be effectively improved.