Boronated Compounds for Oxidative Stress Treatment
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Solution Overview
Problem
There is a strong need in the pharmaceutical chemistry field for new therapeutic boron compounds that do not have the drawbacks of existing compounds, such as toxicity and dosage limitations, particularly for treating neurodegenerative, cardiovascular diseases, and diabetes related to oxidative stress.
Innovation Solution
The development of structurally unique boronated compounds with improved neuroprotective and antiplatelet activities, which also inhibit enzymes involved in catecholamine metabolism and possess superior antioxidant and antiplatelet properties compared to lipoic acid, while ensuring better solubility and gastrointestinal absorption.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If existing boron compounds are used for treating oxidative stress-related diseases, then therapeutic effect is achieved, but toxicity and dosage limitations occur
Solution Approach 1:
The patent modifies the chemical structure of boron compounds by changing parameters such as the boron-containing group (boronic acid, boronate ester), the linker chain length and saturation, and the terminal functional groups (hydroxyl, carboxyl, amine). These parameter changes result in compounds with improved therapeutic profiles that maintain efficacy while reducing toxicity and dosage limitations compared to existing boron compounds.
Solution Approach 2:
The invention creates composite molecular structures combining a boron-containing group, a linker chain with specific properties (saturated or unsaturated, 1-10 carbons), and terminal functional groups. This composite approach allows optimization of multiple properties simultaneously - the boron group provides therapeutic activity while the linker and terminal groups modulate solubility, bioavailability, and reduce toxicity.
2Reliability
If lipoic acid is used as antioxidant, then ROS and RNS scavenging activity is achieved, but limited solubility and gastrointestinal absorption occur
Solution Approach 1:
The patent systematically varies the linker chain parameters (length, saturation, cyclic vs linear) and terminal functional groups to optimize the balance between antioxidant activity and bioavailability. The linker chain can be saturated or unsaturated with 1-10 carbon atoms, and terminal groups include hydroxyl, carboxyl, and amine functionalities, allowing fine-tuning of solubility and gastrointestinal absorption while maintaining ROS and RNS scavenging capability.
3Reliability
If boron compounds are designed with enhanced neuroprotective and antiplatelet activities, then disease treatment efficacy is improved, but molecular complexity increases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent divides the boron compound into distinct functional segments: a boron-containing group (providing neuroprotective and antiplatelet activity), a linker chain (providing structural flexibility and solubility), and terminal functional groups (modulating bioavailability). This segmentation allows each component to be optimized independently for its specific function while maintaining overall molecular simplicity.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent designs a universal molecular platform where the core boron-containing structure with a modifiable linker and terminal groups can provide multiple therapeutic activities simultaneously - neuroprotective effects, antiplatelet activity, and antioxidant properties - through a single compound design, reducing the need for multiple separate agents.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
These compounds effectively treat neurodegenerative and cardiovascular diseases by reducing cell death, inhibiting enzyme degradation, and preventing oxidative stress without toxicity, offering improved dosing flexibility and enhanced bioavailability.
Implementation Method 1
Lipoic acid acts as a cofactor for several mitochondrial enzymes. Both oxidized (LA) and reduced (DHLA) forms contributes to the antioxidant properties of the molecule. Lipoic acid is a powerful antioxidant since it is a direct scavenger of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and reactive nitrogen species (RNS) that are produced following oxidative stress
Implementation Method 2
Lipoic acid regulates the homeostasis of metals by chelating copper (II), iron (II), and zinc (II) by generating stable complexes
Implementation Method 3
Lipoic acid is a natural product, soluble both in water and lipids, able to easily cross cellular membrane and blood brain barrier
Data Source
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AI summary
The present invention is related to boronated compounds with neuroprotective, antiplatelet, antitumor, and antimicrobial activities for the treatment of diseases and conditions associated to oxidative stress.