Alkali Borosilicate Glass Powder for Low-Loss High-Frequency Circuits
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Solution Overview
Problem
Current high-frequency materials, such as alumina ceramic, have high specific dielectric constants and large conductor losses, leading to slow signal processing speeds and increased signal loss in high-frequency regions, which are inadequate for 5G communications requiring lower latency and higher transmission capacity.
Innovation Solution
A glass powder formed of alkali borosilicate glass with restricted alkali metal oxide content and ratios (Li2O+Na2O+K2O from 0.1 to 1.0 mol%, with specific molar ratios) is used to create a dielectric material that can be fired at 1000°C or less, achieving a low specific dielectric constant and dielectric dissipation factor in high-frequency regions, optimized by incorporating ceramic fillers like α-quartz and α-alumina.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Speed
If alumina ceramic is used as a wiring board or circuit component, then it provides structural stability and electrical insulation, but it has a high specific dielectric constant (10) and slow signal processing speed
Solution Approach 1:
The patent changes the chemical composition parameters of the glass powder by strictly controlling the content of alkali metal oxides (0.1-1.0 mol%) and the ratios between different alkali metals (Li, Na, K). This parameter optimization reduces the specific dielectric constant to 3.5-4.0 and dielectric dissipation factor to 0.0020 or less at 16 GHz, thereby improving signal processing speed while maintaining dielectric reliability
Solution Approach 2:
The patent uses a composite material system consisting of glass powder (with optimized alkali metal oxide content) and ceramic filler powder. This composite structure combines the low dielectric constant advantage of glass with the structural stability and high melting point advantage of ceramic fillers, achieving both fast signal processing speed and reliable dielectric performance
2Loss of energy
If alumina ceramic is used, then it provides structural stability, but it has large conductor loss because tungsten (high melting point metal) must be used as conductor material
Solution Approach 1:
The patent optimizes the chemical composition parameters of the glass powder, specifically controlling alkali metal oxide content (0.1-1.0 mol%) and the molar ratios between Li2O, Na2O, and K2O. This parameter optimization lowers the firing temperature to 1000°C or less, enabling the use of low melting point metals like Ag or Cu as conductors, thereby reducing conductor loss while maintaining structural stability
3Temperature
If glass powder with higher alkali metal oxide content is used to lower firing temperature, then it can be fired at lower temperatures, but the specific dielectric constant and dielectric dissipation factor increase in high-frequency region
Solution Approach 1:
The patent optimizes the chemical composition parameters of the glass powder, specifically controlling alkali metal oxide content (0.1-1.0 mol%) and the molar ratios between Li2O, Na2O, and K2O. This parameter optimization achieves a balance: the glass can be fired at low temperatures (1000°C or less) while maintaining excellent dielectric characteristics (specific dielectric constant 3.5-4.0 and dielectric dissipation factor 0.0020 or less at 16 GHz)
Solution Approach 2:
The patent applies different alkali metal oxides (Li2O, Na2O, K2O) in specific ratios to achieve different local functions: Li2O and Na2O contribute to lowering firing temperature, while the controlled total alkali metal oxide content and specific ratios ensure low dielectric loss in high-frequency regions. This localized functional distribution resolves the contradiction between low firing temperature and high-frequency dielectric performance
Data Source
AI summary
A glass powder of the present invention is a glass powder, which is formed of alkali borosilicate glass, wherein the glass powder includes 0.1 mol % to 1.0 mol %, provided that 1.0 mol % is excluded, of Li2O+Na2O+K2O in a glass composition, has a molar ratio Li2O/(Li2O+Na2O+K2O) of from 0.35 to 0.65, a molar ratio Na2O/(Li2O+Na2O+K2O) of from 0.25 to 0.55, and a molar ratio K2O/(Li2O+Na2O+K2O) of from 0.025 to 0.20, and has a specific dielectric constant at 25° C. and 16 GHz of from 3.5 to 4.0 and a dielectric dissipation factor at 25° C. and 16 GHz of 0.0020 or less.