Bourdon Tube Pressure Sensor with Offset Blind Bore

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Solution Overview

Problem

Existing pressure monitoring technologies, particularly those using fibre Bragg gratings, face limitations in high-temperature, harsh environments such as downhole oil or gas wells due to mechanical constraints, reduced sensitivity, accuracy issues, birefringence, and creep at elevated temperatures, as well as challenges in miniaturization and temperature compensation.

Innovation Solution

A fluid pressure monitoring apparatus featuring an elongated member with a blind bore offset from its central axis, deflecting under fluid pressure, and an optical fibre Bragg grating sensing device measuring the change in distance between fixed and moving positions, allowing for adjustable sensitivity and accuracy, reduced birefringence, and robust mechanical fixation, along with temperature compensation using a second strain sensor or a separate apparatus.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Reliability

If a diaphragm strain based transducer with FBG is used, then pressure sensing capability is achieved, but mechanical interface options are reduced and creep occurs at elevated temperatures

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvepressure sensing capabilityVSAvoidmechanical interface options
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSEase of manufacture

Solution Approach 1:

The patent replaces the mechanical diaphragm structure with a direct Bourdon tube configuration where the FBG is epoxied directly to the curved tube. This eliminates the need for separate diaphragm components and mechanical interfaces, reducing creep issues while maintaining pressure sensing capability through the elastic deformation of the Bourdon tube itself.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #28Mechanics substitution (Replace mechanical system)

Solution Approach 2:

The patent uses a composite construction combining the Bourdon tube material (typically stainless steel or Inconel) with the optical fibre and epoxy adhesive. This composite structure allows the tube to provide mechanical strength and pressure response while the epoxy provides strain transfer to the FBG, achieving both reliability and manufacturing ease.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #40Composite materials

2Measurement precision

If the strain in the fibre is limited to the elastic strain range of the diaphragm material, then measurement accuracy is maintained, but sensitivity and accuracy of the transducer are limited

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvemeasurement accuracyVSAvoidsensitivity
Core Design Contradiction:
Measurement precisionVSReliability

Solution Approach 1:

The patent changes the strain range parameter by utilizing the larger elastic strain range of the Bourdon tube material compared to the diaphragm material. The curved Bourdon tube can undergo greater elastic deformation before yielding, allowing the FBG to experience higher strains and provide enhanced sensitivity while maintaining accuracy within the elastic regime.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

3Measurement precision

If the diaphragm size is increased to maintain constant strain along the FBG, then spectral profile broadening is avoided, but miniaturization is limited

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvespectral profile stabilityVSAvoidsensor size
Core Design Contradiction:
Measurement precisionVSVolume of moving object

Solution Approach 1:

Instead of increasing diaphragm size to achieve constant strain, the patent inverts the approach by using a curved Bourdon tube configuration where the geometry itself provides the strain distribution. The curvature of the tube creates a more uniform strain distribution along the FBG without requiring large diaphragm dimensions, enabling miniaturization while maintaining spectral profile stability.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #13The other way round (Inversion)

4Ease of manufacture

If non-uniform loading of the FBG occurs during attachment, then birefringence is introduced, but this leads to less accurate wavelength measurements and increased complexity

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveattachment processVSAvoidwavelength measurement accuracy
Core Design Contradiction:
Ease of manufactureVSMeasurement precision

Solution Approach 1:

The patent replaces the diaphragm attachment mechanism with direct epoxy bonding of the FBG to the Bourdon tube. This substitution eliminates the mechanical loading and misalignment issues that cause birefringence in diaphragm-based systems, achieving both ease of manufacture and measurement accuracy by creating a more uniform strain distribution.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #28Mechanics substitution (Replace mechanical system)

5Measurement precision

If temperature compensation measurements are carried out, then pressure accuracy is improved, but device complexity and cost increase

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvepressure accuracyVSAvoidtemperature compensation system
Core Design Contradiction:
Measurement precisionVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The patent merges the temperature compensation function with the pressure sensing function by using a single FBG-mounted on the Bourdon tube that responds to both temperature and pressure. Through careful design of the Bourdon tube geometry and material selection, the temperature effects are minimized or compensated within the same sensing element, eliminating the need for separate compensation measurements and reducing system complexity.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #5Merging (Combining)

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

The solution provides enhanced sensitivity, accuracy, and durability for pressure monitoring in harsh environments by minimizing mechanical constraints and creep, while reducing birefringence and enabling effective temperature compensation, thus improving the reliability of pressure measurements.

Implementation Method 1

a blind bore extending through the elongated member and having an opening through which fluid is provided to the bore when in use, and wherein the bore is offset from a central axis of the elongated member such that the elongated member deflects in response to the pressure of the fluid

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectPressure: Pressure Increase

Implementation Method 2

the elongated member deflects in response to the pressure of the fluid when provided to the bore

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectElastic deformation: Elasticity

Implementation Method 3

the Bragg grating experiencing a strain as a result of the change in distance between the first and second positions

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectStrain: Deformation

Implementation Method 4

A Bragg grating incorporated into an optical fibre known as a fibre Bragg grating (FBG), for example, gives rise to a periodic variation in the refractive index of the fibre. Light travelling down the fibre is partially reflected at each of the variations

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectBragg grating reflection: Reflection

Implementation Method 5

an optical transmission means extending between the first position and the second position, the optical transmission means containing a Bragg grating

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectOptical transmission: Optical Fibre

Data Source

PatentEP2537014B1Fluid pressure monitoring apparatus
Publication Date: 2015.03.25 SMART FIBER
  • EP2537014B1 patent drawingFigure 1
  • EP2537014B1 patent drawingFigure 2
  • EP2537014B1 patent drawingFigure 3

AI summary

A fluid pressure monitoring apparatus for use in high temperature, harsh environment applications, is described. The apparatus comprises an elongated member, having a free end and a fixed end, and a blind bore extending through the elongated member the bore having an opening through which fluid is provided to the bore when in use. The bore is offset from a central axis of the elongated member such that the elongated member deflects in response to the pressure of the fluid when provided to the bore. The apparatus further comprises a sensing device adapted to sense the change in distance between a first position, and a second position, in response to the deflection of the elongated member.