Brachytherapy Applicator with Inflatable Ovoids and Retractors

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Solution Overview

Problem

Current intracavitary brachytherapy applicators for cervical and uterine cancer treatment are cumbersome, painful, and often require anesthesia, with non-ideal geometry leading to inadequate radiation dosimetry and potential morbidities due to high doses reaching critical organs like the bladder and rectum.

Innovation Solution

An advanced intracavitary brachytherapy applicator system featuring a tandem with inflatable ovoids and retractors, integrated with an endoscope for precise placement, allowing for adjustable and minimally invasive implantation, reducing radiation exposure to critical structures by retracting the bladder and rectum, and enabling faster, less painful procedures.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Productivity

If traditional FSD applicator is used for brachytherapy, then radiation dose can be delivered to tumor, but procedure is lengthy, painful, and requires anesthesia with non-ideal geometry leading to high doses to bladder and rectum

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveprocedure timeVSAvoidradiation dose to bladder and rectum
Core Design Contradiction:
ProductivityVSObject-affected harmful factors

Solution Approach 1:

The applicator is divided into multiple modular components including tandem, ovoids, and retractors that can be independently positioned and adjusted. This segmentation allows for optimized geometric arrangement that directs radiation precisely to the tumor while spatially separating critical organs from high-dose regions, reducing their radiation exposure.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #1Segmentation

Solution Approach 2:

The applicator incorporates movable and adjustable components including the tandem position, ovoid placement, and retractable elements that can be dynamically positioned during the procedure. This dynamic adjustability enables optimization of radiation geometry for each patient's anatomy, achieving ideal dosimetry while minimizing dose to critical structures.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #15Dynamics

2Productivity

If traditional FSD applicator is used for brachytherapy, then radiation dose can be delivered to tumor, but procedure is complex requiring multiple nurses and anesthetist

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveprocedure efficiencyVSAvoidnumber of personnel required
Core Design Contradiction:
ProductivityVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

Multiple functions are merged into a single integrated applicator system that combines tandem, ovoids, and retractors into one cohesive device. This integration eliminates the need for separate application steps and reduces the number of personnel required, as the unified design can be implanted and adjusted by fewer operators without requiring complex coordination among multiple specialists.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #5Merging (Combining)

Solution Approach 2:

The applicator is designed as a multi-functional device that can perform tumor irradiation, organ retraction, and geometric optimization all through a single system. This universality allows one device to replace multiple specialized tools, reducing procedural complexity and the number of personnel needed to operate various separate components.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #6Universality (Multi-functionality)

3Manufacturing precision

If traditional FSD applicator is used for brachytherapy, then radiation dose can be delivered to tumor, but geometry is non-ideal causing inadequate dosimetry

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveradiation dosimetry precisionVSAvoidapplicator geometry
Core Design Contradiction:
Manufacturing precisionVSShape

Solution Approach 1:

The applicator is designed with locally optimized geometry where the tandem and ovoids are positioned to create ideal radiation dosimetry specifically at the tumor site. The shape and arrangement of components are tailored to match the local anatomical requirements, ensuring precise dose delivery to the cervix and uterus while accounting for variations in patient anatomy.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #3Local quality

Solution Approach 2:

The applicator allows for adjustment of geometric parameters including tandem depth, ovoid separation distance, and retractor positioning. These parameter changes enable optimization of radiation dosimetry by adjusting the spatial relationships between radiation sources and target tissue, achieving ideal dose distribution according to treatment requirements.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

4Productivity

If traditional FSD applicator is used for brachytherapy, then radiation dose can be delivered to tumor, but patient experiences pain and discomfort

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvetreatment deliveryVSAvoidpatient comfort
Core Design Contradiction:
ProductivityVSEase of operation

Solution Approach 1:

The applicator replaces mechanical restraint methods with inflatable retractors that gently push critical organs away from the treatment field. This substitution reduces mechanical trauma and patient discomfort by using controlled inflation rather than forceful mechanical retraction, while still achieving the necessary organ separation for safe radiation delivery.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #28Mechanics substitution (Replace mechanical system)

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

The system facilitates easier, faster, and less invasive implantation with improved radiation dosimetry, reducing patient discomfort and complications by optimizing the radiation dose to the tumor while minimizing exposure to critical organs, thus enhancing treatment efficacy and reducing recovery time.

Implementation Method 1

delivering a high dose of ionizing radiation to the target volume, sparing surrounding healthy tissue with rapid dose fall off outside the implanted volume

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectIonizing radiation: Radiation

Implementation Method 2

retracting the bladder and the rectum from a treatment site

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectMechanical retraction: Mechanical Force

Data Source

PatentEP2745875B1Systems for treating cancer using brachytherapy
Publication Date: 2016.05.25 VOXEL RAD
  • EP2745875B1 patent drawingFigure 1
  • EP2745875B1 patent drawingFigure 2
  • EP2745875B1 patent drawingFigure 3

AI summary

Systems and methods are provided for treating cervical and/or uterine cancers in brachytherapy with an intracavitary brachytherapy applicator. The system comprises a tandem adapted for insertion into a cervix of a patient. An ovoid assembly comprises first and second inflatable ovoids and an ovoid support mechanism. The first and second inflatable ovoids are adapted for insertion within fornices of a patient. First and second retractors are adapted to be coupled to the ovoid assembly. The first retractor is adapted to be positioned to retract the bladder of a patient during treatment. The second retractor is adapted to be positioned to retract the rectum of a patient during treatment. The tandem and the first and second inflatable ovoids are adapted to be coupled to a radioactive source to deliver an implant radiation dose suitable for cancer treatment at a cancerous cervical treatment site in a patient.