Closed-Loop Brain Stimulation for Cognitive State Modulation
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing methods fail to effectively identify and modulate high-performance and low-performance cognitive states in individuals, leading to fluctuations in cognitive performance during tasks, which are not adequately addressed by conventional brain stimulation techniques.
Innovation Solution
A system and method that utilizes brain signal biomarkers to distinguish between high-performance and low-performance cognitive states by monitoring brain activity during cognitive tasks, and applies targeted electrical stimulation to modulate brain activity to enhance or maintain desired cognitive performance levels.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If conventional brain stimulation techniques are applied, then cognitive performance may be improved, but the techniques fail to effectively identify and modulate high-performance and low-performance cognitive states, leading to fluctuations in cognitive performance during tasks
Solution Approach 1:
The patent applies parameter changes by utilizing multiple features of brain signals (such as frequency, amplitude, and temporal patterns) to characterize different cognitive states. By analyzing changes in these parameters, the system can distinguish between high-performance and low-performance cognitive states, thereby improving the reliability of cognitive performance monitoring and enabling more precise modulation through targeted stimulation.
2Measurement precision
If brain signal monitoring is performed during cognitive tasks, then cognitive states can be distinguished, but the complexity of the system increases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent extracts specific relevant features from complex brain signals to characterize cognitive states. By focusing on key features such as power spectrum density, temporal patterns, and spatial distributions rather than analyzing the entire raw signal, the system achieves accurate cognitive state discrimination while reducing computational complexity and simplifying the overall system architecture.
3Productivity
If targeted electrical stimulation is applied to modulate brain activity, then cognitive performance can be enhanced, but the stimulation must be precisely targeted to the correct cognitive state to avoid worsening performance
Solution Approach 1:
The patent implements a closed-loop feedback system where brain signals are continuously monitored during cognitive tasks, cognitive states are identified in real-time, and electrical stimulation is adjusted accordingly. This feedback mechanism ensures that stimulation is precisely targeted to the correct cognitive state, enhancing task performance while maintaining high modulation accuracy by continuously adapting to the subject's current brain state.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The system effectively identifies and enhances cognitive performance by delivering targeted brain stimulation based on identified biomarkers, improving task performance by guiding the brain into desired cognitive states, such as high-performance or enhanced states.
Implementation Method 1
receiving a response and a brain signal from the contributor
Implementation Method 2
applies targeted electrical stimulation to modulate brain activity
Data Source
AI summary
A method for delivering electrical stimulation to alter a cognitive state of a user, the method comprising: monitoring a brain signal from the user via one or more intracranial electrodes implanted in the brain of the user while the user is presented with a stimulus; comparing the brain signal to a testing phase biomarker, wherein the testing phase biomarker is derived from a cognitive test performed on a contributor during a testing phase; delivering electrical stimulation to a brain of the user based on the comparing step to steer the brain of the user towards a high performance cognitive state.