Brain Vulnerability Mapping via Graph Theory

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Solution Overview

Problem

Current methods for planning neurosurgical or radiation therapy trajectories in the brain lack precision in identifying vulnerability fields, which are critical for minimizing tissue damage and optimizing surgical or therapeutic outcomes.

Innovation Solution

A data processing method that utilizes diffusion tensor imaging and graph theoretical properties to create a vulnerability map of the brain, assigning weights to neural fibers and determining traversed voxels, allowing for the generation of optimal trajectories that avoid risk regions by integrating multiple imaging modalities and patient-specific data.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Measurement precision

If standard surgical practice or basic planning software is used, then the procedure is simple and quick, but the precision in identifying vulnerability fields is insufficient

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveprecision in identifying vulnerability fieldsVSAvoidcomplexity of data processing method
Core Design Contradiction:
Measurement precisionVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The method segments the brain into discrete voxels and assigns vulnerability weights to each voxel based on graph theoretical properties of underlying white matter tracts. This segmentation approach enables precise identification of vulnerability fields at the voxel level while maintaining systematic processing through computational algorithms.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #1Segmentation

Solution Approach 2:

The method performs preliminary computation of graph theoretical properties (such as betweenness centrality, eigenvector centrality, or vulnerability metrics) on diffusion tensor imaging data before surgical planning. This advance processing creates pre-computed vulnerability maps that can be directly applied during trajectory planning, improving precision without adding complexity during the actual surgical decision-making process.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #10Preliminary action

2Measurement precision

If graph theoretical properties and multiple imaging modalities are integrated, then the accuracy of vulnerability mapping is improved, but the computational complexity increases

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveaccuracy of vulnerability mappingVSAvoidcomputational complexity
Core Design Contradiction:
Measurement precisionVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The method merges diffusion tensor imaging data with graph theoretical analysis to create a unified vulnerability mapping approach. By combining structural connectivity information from DTI with topological metrics from graph theory, the system achieves high accuracy in identifying critical brain regions while using integrated computational workflows that streamline the overall process.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #5Merging (Combining)

Solution Approach 2:

The method transforms diffusion tensor imaging data into graph theoretical parameters (such as edge weights, node centrality measures, or vulnerability indices) that quantify the importance of different brain regions. This parameter transformation enables accurate vulnerability assessment by converting complex imaging data into interpretable metrics that directly inform surgical planning.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

3Reliability

If individualized vulnerability maps are created for each patient, then the treatment optimization is improved, but the time required for planning increases

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvetreatment optimizationVSAvoidplanning time
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSLoss of time

Solution Approach 1:

The method enables automated generation of individualized vulnerability maps by processing each patient's diffusion tensor imaging data through standardized graph theoretical algorithms. The system self-computes vulnerability metrics and generates personalized trajectory recommendations without requiring manual intervention, thereby achieving high treatment optimization while minimizing planning time through efficient automated workflows.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #25Self-service

Data Source

PatentEP3066593B1Quantification of brain vulnerability
Publication Date: 2018.05.02 BRAINLAB AG
  • EP3066593B1 patent drawingFigure 1
  • EP3066593B1 patent drawingFigure 2
  • EP3066593B1 patent drawingFigure 3

AI summary

The invention relates to a medical data processing method for determining a vulnerability field of a brain of a patient, the steps of the method being constituted to be executed by a computer and comprising: a) acquiring a nerve-indicating dataset comprising information about the brain of the patient suitable for identifying neural fibres in the brain of the patient; b) determining nodes within the brain preferably being neuron-rich grey matter parts of the brain; c) determining the axonal linkage of the nodes based on the nerve-indicating dataset to obtain edges connecting the nodes, the nodes and edges constituting a connectivity graph; d) determining a weight for each of the edges depending on centrality graph theoretical statistical measure of the respective edge in the connectivity graph; e) determining, for each of the edges, which voxels in a dataset of the brain of the patient belong to the edges or are passed by the edges and assigning or adding the determined weight of the respective edges to all of the voxels belonging to the respective edge to obtain a weighted voxel-based dataset of the brain of the patient defining the vulnerability field of the brain.