Electromagnetic Brake Actuation With Speed-Dependent Impact Damping
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing electromagnetic clamping or braking systems face issues with high wear and reduced service life due to abrupt force conversion when the electromagnet is switched off, leading to increased impact shocks and noise, which are not effectively addressed by existing solutions.
Innovation Solution
An electromagnetic actuation device with a shock-absorbing element having a speed-dependent damping force characteristic, integrated between the armature and stator, or on the armature's side remote from the stator, to limit impact speed and reduce restoring forces, using materials like viscoelastic PUR for optimal damping.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Speed
If the spring element's potential energy is converted abruptly when the electromagnet is switched off, then the reaction time of the brake is minimal, but there is high wear on the guide elements and strong impact-shock impulses that reduce service life
Solution Approach 1:
A shock-absorbing element is integrated into the electromagnetic actuation device to cushion the impact between the armature and the clamping cage before it occurs. This element absorbs the shock impulses generated when the spring element's potential energy is converted, thereby reducing wear on guide elements and extending service life while maintaining quick reaction times.
Solution Approach 2:
The shock-absorbing element acts as an intermediary component between the armature and the clamping cage. It mediates the transfer of energy by absorbing impact shocks, allowing the system to maintain both rapid response and durability by preventing direct transmission of harmful forces to the guide elements.
2Force
If hydraulic or pneumatic pressure is used to pretension the clamping device, then the system is mechanically pretensioned with stored potential energy, but the internal pressure opposes the spring element and hampers the movement and acceleration of the clamping cage
Solution Approach 1:
The patent replaces the hydraulic or pneumatic pretensioning system with an electromagnetic actuation device. This substitution eliminates the opposing pressure issue while maintaining the necessary clamping force through the spring element, allowing the clamping cage to accelerate more rapidly when activation is required.
3Reliability
If the shock-absorbing element has speed-dependent damping force characteristic, then impact speed is limited and wear is reduced, but the device complexity increases
Solution Approach 1:
The shock-absorbing element is merged into the existing structure of the electromagnetic actuation device, integrating the damping function within the available space rather than adding separate components. This approach reduces the increase in device complexity while maintaining the reliability benefits of impact absorption.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The solution reduces wear and noise, extends the service life of clamping units by minimizing impact shocks and maintaining clamping force, while allowing for easy retrofitting and adjustment to suit specific applications.
Implementation Method 1
a stator (2) having an energizable magnetic coil (3), an armature (4), which is movable relative to the stator (2)... when the magnetic coil (3) is energized, a width of an air gap (7) between the armature (4) and stator (2) is reduced relative to the first width
Implementation Method 2
a spring element (6), which is designed and arranged and mechanically operatively connected to the armature (4) in such a way that, when the magnetic coil (3) is de-energized, an air gap (7) having a first width is formed between the armature (4) and stator (2)... the spring element (6) having a first pretension
Implementation Method 3
at least one shock-absorbing element (10, 11) having a speed-dependent damping force characteristic... made from a viscoelastic plastic material, preferably from a viscoelastic plastic foam
Data Source
AI summary
An electromagnetic actuation device for a braking or clamping device is provided, having a stator with an energizable magnetic coil, an armature movable relative to the stator, and a spring operatively connected to the armature such that, when the magnetic coil is de-energized, an air gap with a first width is formed between the armature and stator. The spring has a first pretension, and, when the magnetic coil is energized, the air gap width is reduced relative to the first width, and has a second pretension, greater than the first pretension. An actuation element is in operative communication with the armature and actuates the braking or clamping device subject to an armature position. A shock-absorbing element having a speed-dependent damping force characteristic is arranged between the armature and stator; or on a side of the armature remote from the stator, between the armature and a bearing/housing part; or both locations.