Brake Friction Map Estimation for Real-Time Torque and Pressure
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing methods for estimating braking torque and pressure in braking systems are not adaptable to a plurality of operating conditions, are not usable in real-time, and do not provide highly reliable results.
Innovation Solution
A method that uses friction maps to estimate braking torque and pressure by detecting or calculating input quantities such as brake disc temperature and pressure, determining the braking friction coefficient, and calculating the estimated braking torque or pressure based on geometric and operational parameters.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Measurement precision
If experimental test cycles are used to characterize friction, then friction can be estimated for specific tested conditions, but friction cannot be estimated for all possible operating conditions and multiple tests are needed for each condition
Solution Approach 1:
The friction map serves as a universal tool that provides friction estimates for all possible operating conditions (different temperatures and pressures) rather than requiring separate experimental tests for each condition. The map consolidates friction data across the entire operating range into a single comprehensive structure.
Solution Approach 2:
Friction maps are pre-computed from experimental data covering a wide range of conditions before actual braking operations. This preliminary characterization allows real-time friction estimation without performing new experiments during operation, enabling rapid adaptation to any operating condition.
2Adaptability or versatility
If friction maps are used to estimate friction for wide range of conditions, then friction can be estimated for multiple operating conditions, but automatic real-time estimation solutions are not provided
Solution Approach 1:
The manual consultation of friction maps is replaced with an automated electronic processing system. The control unit automatically retrieves friction values from stored friction maps based on detected operating parameters (temperature and pressure), eliminating the need for manual lookup and enabling real-time automated estimation.
Solution Approach 2:
The system performs self-service by automatically detecting operating conditions, querying the appropriate friction map, and computing friction estimates without external intervention. The control unit autonomously manages the entire estimation process using pre-stored friction data.
3Adaptability or versatility
If manual friction map consultation is used, then friction estimates can be obtained for different conditions, but real-time estimation during braking operation is not achieved
Solution Approach 1:
Manual friction map consultation is replaced with electronic data retrieval from memory storage. The control unit rapidly accesses pre-stored friction maps and computes estimates in real-time during braking operations, achieving speeds impossible with manual methods.
Solution Approach 2:
Friction maps are pre-computed and stored in memory before operation. During real-time braking events, the system simply retrieves and interpolates from these pre-prepared data structures, achieving rapid response without performing complex calculations or experiments during the actual braking maneuver.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The method allows for automatic, reliable, and real-time estimation of braking torque and pressure applicable to various operating conditions, enhancing the operational efficiency and safety of braking systems.
Implementation Method 1
determining, on the basis of said detected or calculated first input quantity and second input quantity, a braking friction coefficient representative of the braking friction coefficient expected under the conditions defined by the detected or calculated values of said first input quantity and second input quantity
Data Source
AI summary
There is described a method for estimating a braking torque of a braking system for vehicles under operating conditions. Such a method comprises a step a) of detecting or calculating a first input quantity and a second input quantity representative of operating conditions of the braking system. The first detected or calculated input quantity comprises a temperature T of a brake disc of the braking system. The second detected or calculated input quantity comprises a quantity depending on a pressure P of the braking system or on a contact pressure PC between friction surfaces of the braking system. The method then includes a step b) of determining, based on said detected or calculated first input quantity and second input quantity, a braking friction coefficient μ representative of the braking friction or efficiency expected under the conditions defined by the detected or calculated values of said first input quantity and second