Dynamic Braking Grid Resistance Monitoring for Early Short Detection

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Solution Overview

Problem

Dynamic braking systems in vehicles, such as rail and off-highway vehicles, face electrical shorts due to movement and thermal cycling of conductive resistive elements, leading to potential damage, overheating, and system failure, which existing technologies fail to detect early enough to prevent significant damage and downtime.

Innovation Solution

A detection system that monitors changes in electrical resistance by measuring conducted voltage and current ratios, using sensing apparatus and processing assembly to identify sudden variations indicative of shorts, allowing for early detection and preventative maintenance.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Productivity

If resistors are disposed relatively close together in conductive plates to dissipate current, then the efficiency of current dissipation is improved, but the risk of electrical short between resistors increases

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvecurrent dissipation efficiencyVSAvoidelectrical short risk
Core Design Contradiction:
ProductivityVSReliability

Solution Approach 1:

The detection system performs preliminary monitoring of electrical resistance changes before actual short circuit damage occurs. By continuously measuring resistance variations and comparing them against baseline values, the system detects early signs of resistor movement or contact, enabling preventive action before the short circuit causes system failure or damage.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #10Preliminary action

2Adaptability or versatility

If resistors are subjected to thermal cycling and vibrations during operation, then the dynamic braking system can handle varying operational conditions, but the resistors may move relative to each other causing internal electrical shorts

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveoperational condition handlingVSAvoidinternal short circuit risk
Core Design Contradiction:
Adaptability or versatilityVSReliability

Solution Approach 1:

The detection system implements continuous feedback monitoring by measuring electrical resistance during operation and comparing it against expected baseline values. When resistance changes indicate resistor movement or potential contact, the system provides feedback signals to alert operators or trigger protective actions, maintaining system reliability despite thermal cycling and vibrations.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #23Feedback

3Device complexity

If existing detection technologies are used, then the system can operate without additional complexity, but electrical shorts cannot be detected early enough to prevent significant damage and downtime

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvedetection system complexityVSAvoidshort circuit detection timing
Core Design Contradiction:
Device complexityVSReliability

Solution Approach 1:

The detection system utilizes the existing electrical current flow through the resistors during normal operation to perform self-diagnostics. By measuring the voltage drop across resistors and calculating resistance values using Ohm's law, the system monitors resistor conditions without requiring separate test circuits or additional power sources, thereby minimizing added complexity while enabling early fault detection.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #25Self-service

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

The system effectively detects electrical shorts before they cause damage, enabling timely maintenance and preventing system failure, reducing downtime and operational risks.

Implementation Method 1

monitors changes in electrical resistance by measuring conducted voltage and current ratios

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectElectrical Resistance: Electrical Resistance

Implementation Method 2

measuring conducted voltage and current ratios

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectOhm's Law: Ohm's Law

Data Source

PatentEP4016095B1Systems and methods for electrical short detection
Publication Date: 2024.08.28 TRANSPORTATION IP HOLDINGS LLC
  • EP4016095B1 patent drawingFigure 1
  • EP4016095B1 patent drawingFigure 2
  • EP4016095B1 patent drawingFigure 3

AI summary

Methods and systems detect short circuits in an electrical system (104), such as a dynamic braking grid of a vehicle. The methods and system measure a characteristic of a current that is conducted through one or more resistive elements (202) of an electrical system (104). The current is supplied to the electrical system (104) from a power source (102) as an applied voltage. A resistance change signal representative of a change in one or more electrical resistances of the one or more resistive elements (202) is determined. The resistance change signal can be based at least in part on a difference between the characteristic of the current that is measured and a low pass filtered value of one or more of the characteristic of the current that is measured or the applied voltage supplied by the power source (102). A short circuit event is identified based at least in part on the resistance change signal.