Circuit Breaker Monitoring via Vibration-Based Switching Timing

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Solution Overview

Problem

Existing methods for monitoring low voltage circuit breakers fail to accurately measure the time required for the electromagnetic actuator to initiate the movement of the switching mechanism, which can lead to undetected faults or malfunctions.

Innovation Solution

A method and device for monitoring the operation of cut-off devices by measuring electrical power supply signals, vibration intensity, and state changes, calculating and comparing times to predetermined thresholds, and issuing alerts for faults.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Measurement precision

If auxiliary contacts and sensors are used to detect switching device position and movement, then the start and end of opening sequences can be determined, but the time required for the electromagnetic actuator to initiate movement and for the switching mechanism to break or restore the circuit cannot be measured

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvetime measurement precisionVSAvoidmonitoring system complexity
Core Design Contradiction:
Measurement precisionVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The patent introduces a vibration sensor as an intermediary device that detects mechanical vibrations generated by the switching mechanism during operation. This intermediary sensor enables precise time measurement of actuator initiation and circuit breaking without requiring direct measurement of electrical parameters or complex sensor arrays, thus resolving the contradiction between measurement precision and device complexity

Inventive Principle:
Principle #24Intermediary (Mediator)

Solution Approach 2:

The patent replaces traditional electrical sensing methods with mechanical vibration sensing to detect switching mechanism movement. By using a vibration sensor to detect mechanical vibrations instead of relying on auxiliary contacts or current sensors, the system achieves precise time measurement while maintaining simplicity, effectively substituting mechanical detection for electrical detection methods

Inventive Principle:
Principle #28Mechanics substitution (Replace mechanical system)

2Speed

If the switching mechanism moves too slowly, then the cut-off of the circuit may fail, but increasing the speed may affect the quality of the actual cut

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveswitching mechanism speedVSAvoidcut-off reliability
Core Design Contradiction:
SpeedVSReliability

Solution Approach 1:

The patent implements a feedback mechanism that continuously monitors the switching mechanism speed and compares it against predetermined thresholds. When the speed deviates from the optimal range, the system generates alerts or adjusts control parameters to maintain both speed and cut quality, ensuring reliable cut-off operation while preventing damage from excessive speed

Inventive Principle:
Principle #23Feedback

Solution Approach 2:

The patent dynamically adjusts operating parameters such as electromagnetic actuator power supply duration and intensity based on real-time feedback from vibration sensors. By changing these parameters adaptively, the system optimizes switching mechanism speed to achieve both rapid response and high-quality circuit cutting, resolving the contradiction between speed and reliability

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

Enables precise measurement of switching mechanism times, detecting potential faults, and providing timely maintenance alerts, ensuring reliable operation of low voltage circuit breakers.

Implementation Method 1

monitoring a shock intensity measurement by means of a vibration sensor at said switching device to detect the movement of said switching mechanism, the vibration sensor providing a vibration signal in response to the movement of said switching mechanism

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectVibration: Vibration

Implementation Method 2

an electromagnetic actuator releases the spring which returns the switching mechanism to the open position of the switching device

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectElectromagnetic actuation: Electromagnetic Induction

Data Source

PatentEP4092902B1Method and device for monitoring cut-off devices
Publication Date: 2025.10.22 SCHNEIDER ELECTRIC IND SAS
  • EP4092902B1 patent drawingFigure 1~2
  • EP4092902B1 patent drawingFigure 3
  • EP4092902B1 patent drawingFigure 4

AI summary

A method for monitoring a switching device, equipped with a switching mechanism, comprising: - monitoring (300) of an electrical supply signal to an electromagnetic actuator of the switching mechanism to detect the start of electrical supply (101a, 201a) to said actuator, - monitoring (330) of a shock intensity measurement at said switching device to detect the activation of said switching mechanism, - monitoring (360) of a parameter representative of the open or closed state of said switching device to detect (370) a change of state of said parameter, representative of the end of an opening or closing sequence of said switching device, and comprising: - a calculation (390) of a time TACT elapsed between the detection of the start of electrical supply to said actuator and the detection of the activation of the switching mechanism of said switching device.- a calculation (395) of a time TM elapsed between said activation of the switching mechanism and said end of sequence.