Breathing Circuit Dry-Gas Moisture Transfer for Condensation Control

Resolve Bottlenecks,
Find Innovative Solutions
Generate Solutions

Solution Overview

Problem

Existing breathing circuits face challenges in efficiently managing moisture and condensation, including the need for manual monitoring, potential device damage, and limited capacity for moisture removal, especially when using heated wires or permeable membranes.

Innovation Solution

A moisture removal and condensation management apparatus is introduced, featuring a breathing circuit tubing with a dry gas conduit adjacent to a breathing gas conduit, utilizing a moisture transmission pathway through permeable portions or perforations to transfer moisture from the breathing gas to the dry gas conduit, which is maintained at a lower humidity level.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Reliability

If a heating wire is provided along the length of the tube to prevent condensation, then condensation is prevented, but the manufacture becomes time consuming and costly

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvecondensation preventionVSAvoidmanufacturing complexity
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSEase of manufacture

Solution Approach 1:

The invention extracts the heating function from a separate heating wire and integrates it into the tubing wall structure itself through electrically conductive layers, eliminating the need for separate heating elements and reducing manufacturing complexity

Inventive Principle:
Principle #2Taking out (Extraction)

Solution Approach 2:

The invention merges the structural tubing function with the heating function by incorporating electrically conductive layers directly into the tubing wall, combining two separate functions into a single integrated component

Inventive Principle:
Principle #5Merging (Combining)

2Quantity of substance

If a removable container is used to trap condensed water vapor, then moisture collection is achieved, but the device requires manual monitoring and emptying, causing risk of infection

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvemoisture collectionVSAvoidmanual intervention required
Core Design Contradiction:
Quantity of substanceVSEase of operation

Solution Approach 1:

The invention enables self-service operation through an automatic drainage system that uses hydrophobic membranes and capillary pressure to automatically drain condensed water vapor without requiring manual monitoring or emptying, eliminating infection risks

Inventive Principle:
Principle #25Self-service

Solution Approach 2:

The invention replaces manual mechanical emptying operations with an automatic passive drainage system based on hydrophobic membrane properties and capillary pressure differentials, eliminating the need for human intervention

Inventive Principle:
Principle #28Mechanics substitution (Replace mechanical system)

3Quantity of substance

If a permeable membrane is used to dissipate moisture to ambient air, then moisture removal is achieved, but the membrane can be easily punctured or damaged

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvemoisture dissipationVSAvoidmembrane durability
Core Design Contradiction:
Quantity of substanceVSStrength

Solution Approach 1:

The invention applies local quality by using hydrophobic membrane properties selectively in specific regions where condensation occurs, rather than requiring a complete permeable membrane covering, thereby reducing vulnerability to damage

Inventive Principle:
Principle #3Local quality

Solution Approach 2:

The invention provides beforehand cushioning by designing the hydrophobic membrane system to tolerate and self-heal from minor punctures through the formation of liquid bridges that maintain functionality even when the membrane is compromised

Inventive Principle:
Principle #11Beforehand cushioning (Prior cushioning)

4Quantity of substance

If a permeable membrane is used for moisture dissipation, then moisture can pass through, but the capacity is limited due to high ambient humidity

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvemoisture transmissionVSAvoidmoisture removal capacity
Core Design Contradiction:
Quantity of substanceVSProductivity

Solution Approach 1:

The invention applies inversion by reversing the traditional approach of passive diffusion and using active capillary pressure differentials driven by hydrophobic membrane properties to force moisture transmission, thereby increasing removal capacity regardless of ambient humidity conditions

Inventive Principle:
Principle #13The other way round (Inversion)

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

This apparatus automatically manages moisture and condensation without manual intervention, protects against device damage, and enhances moisture removal capacity, ensuring effective humidity control in breathing circuits.

Implementation Method 1

a permeable membrane which forms a portion of the common dividing wall

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectPermeation: Permeation

Implementation Method 2

a permeable membrane which forms a portion of the common dividing wall

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectSemipermeable membrane effect: Semipermeable Membrane

Implementation Method 3

a hydrophobic layer disposed adjacent to the permeable membrane and in contact with the breathable gas flow within the conduit

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectHydrophobic effect: Hydrophobe

Implementation Method 4

a heater associated with a hydrophilic layer. The wire heats the humidified gas traveling through the tubing

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectJoule heating: Joule Heating

Implementation Method 5

The purpose of the heater is to evaporate any condensed liquid collecting in the conduit

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectEvaporation: Evaporation

Implementation Method 6

a hydrophilic layer which allows passage of liquid water from the inner conduit to the outer conduit

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectCapillary action: Capillary Action

Data Source

PatentEP4159261B1Moisture removal and condensation and humidity management apparatus for a breathing circuit
Publication Date: 2025.08.20 MEDLINE INDUSTRIES
  • EP4159261B1 patent drawingFigure 1~2
  • EP4159261B1 patent drawingFigure 3~4

AI summary

A moisture removal and condensation and humidity management apparatus for a breathing circuit comprises a breathing circuit tubing defining a breathing gas conduit. The breathing gas has a first humidity level and a level of moisture therein. A dry gas conduit is adjacent at least a portion of the breathing gas conduit. The dry gas flow is configured to have a second humidity level lower than the first humidity level. A moisture transmission pathway is provided between the breathing gas conduit and the dry gas conduit, such that humidity in the flow of breathing gas is lowered and moisture is transferred to the dry gas flow. The moisture transmission pathway may be provided by a permeable portion which is permeable to water vapor but impermeable to liquid water, or by one or more perforations which permit drainage of liquid water from the breathing gas conduit to the dry gas conduit.