Bridgeless Hybrid Flyback Converter Using Bidirectional Switches
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Solution Overview
Problem
Conventional power converters face inefficiencies in converting alternating current (AC) to direct current (DC) due to the need for bridge circuits, which increase complexity and losses.
Innovation Solution
A bridgeless hybrid flyback power converter using bidirectional switch circuitry and a transformer with magnetically coupled windings, controlled by a controller to manage current flow and resonance, achieving efficient AC-DC conversion without bridge circuits.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Loss of energy
If bridge circuits are used in conventional power converters for AC-DC conversion, then the conversion function is achieved, but device complexity and energy losses increase
Solution Approach 1:
The patent removes the bridge circuit from the power converter topology, extracting the problematic component that caused both complexity and energy losses. The bridgeless hybrid flyback converter achieves AC-DC conversion without requiring diodes and switches arranged in bridge configuration, thereby eliminating associated conduction losses and component complexity while maintaining the essential voltage conversion function.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent inverts the conventional approach by using bidirectional switches that can conduct current in both directions, replacing the traditional unidirectional bridge circuit architecture. This inversion allows the power converter to achieve the same AC-DC conversion function with a simplified topology that reduces both device complexity and energy losses.
2Device complexity
If bidirectional switch circuitry is used in bridgeless hybrid flyback converter, then device complexity is reduced, but control difficulty increases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent incorporates feedback control mechanisms that monitor the bidirectional switch states and adjust control signals accordingly. This feedback approach simplifies the control of bidirectional switches by providing real-time information about circuit conditions, enabling the controller to manage the increased control difficulty while maintaining reduced device complexity.
Solution Approach 2:
The bidirectional switches in the patent serve multiple functions: they act as both rectifying elements and switching devices, eliminating the need for separate bridge circuit components. This multi-functionality reduces device complexity while the control system manages the inherent control challenges through integrated control strategies.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The solution enables efficient AC-DC conversion with reduced losses and complexity, improving power factor correction and output voltage regulation.
Implementation Method 1
A second winding of the transformer may be magnetically coupled to the first winding. In such an instance, a flow of the (first) current through the first winding induces (second) current to flow through the second winding.
Implementation Method 2
a capacitor disposed in a series circuit path including the first winding. The series circuit path may be operative to support resonance of the current through/to the first winding.
Data Source
AI summary
An apparatus such as a power converter as discussed herein may include: a first winding; first bidirectional switch circuitry; and second bidirectional switch circuitry disposed in series with the first bidirectional switch circuitry. A combination of the first bidirectional switch circuitry and the second bidirectional switch circuitry can be configured to control a magnitude of current through the first winding to produce an output voltage.