Brillouin Spectroscopy Feedback for Ophthalmic Tissue Strength
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Solution Overview
Problem
Surgical instruments used in ophthalmic procedures often exceed the tolerance of eye tissue, leading to adverse events such as tearing, detachment, or damage due to the variable elasticity and density across different eye tissue areas, making it challenging to control the instruments effectively.
Innovation Solution
An ophthalmic surgical feedback system utilizing imaging technology like Brillouin spectroscopy to generate biomechanics information for different eye tissue locations, determining tissue strength, and providing dynamic feedback on surgical instrument utilization based on this information, including parameter values, heat maps, and automated advice.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Productivity
If surgical instruments are used with standard force and power, then surgical procedures can be performed efficiently, but eye tissue may tear or detach due to exceeding tissue tolerance
Solution Approach 1:
The system continuously monitors tissue biomechanics using Brillouin spectroscopy and provides real-time feedback to the surgical instrument control system. This feedback loop allows dynamic adjustment of instrument parameters based on actual tissue response, preventing tearing while maintaining surgical efficiency.
Solution Approach 2:
The surgical instrument parameters (force, power, speed) are made dynamically adjustable rather than fixed. The system continuously adapts instrument settings in response to real-time tissue strength measurements, allowing optimal performance at each moment of the procedure.
2Ease of operation
If surgical instruments apply high force to ensure effective cutting or manipulation, then surgical effectiveness is improved, but adverse events such as tissue tearing and detachment occur
Solution Approach 1:
Real-time biomechanical feedback from Brillouin spectroscopy allows the system to detect when tissue is approaching its failure threshold. The feedback mechanism enables automatic reduction of force or power to prevent tearing while maintaining sufficient effectiveness for the surgical task.
Solution Approach 2:
The system performs preliminary assessment of tissue strength at the intended surgical location before applying any significant force. This pre-characterization allows planning of the surgical approach to avoid exceeding tissue tolerance from the outset.
3Device complexity
If the surgical instrument control parameters are fixed, then the device complexity is reduced, but the system cannot adapt to variable elasticity and density across different eye tissue areas
Solution Approach 1:
The system incorporates feedback from Brillouin spectroscopy measurements that continuously characterize tissue biomechanics. This feedback enables automatic adaptation of instrument parameters to match the specific tissue properties at each location, providing versatility without requiring complex manual control mechanisms.
Solution Approach 2:
The system dynamically changes instrument parameters (force, power, speed, contact pressure) based on real-time tissue characterization. This parameter adaptation allows a single device to handle highly variable tissue properties across different eye regions without increasing operational complexity.
4Measurement precision
If real-time tissue strength measurement is implemented, then surgical precision and safety are improved, but additional equipment and system complexity are required
Solution Approach 1:
The system replaces mechanical sensing methods with optical Brillouin spectroscopy to measure tissue biomechanics. This substitution provides non-contact, real-time measurement capability with high precision while integrating smoothly into the surgical workflow, minimizing added complexity.
Solution Approach 2:
The Brillouin spectroscopy system serves multiple functions: it characterizes tissue strength, guides surgical planning, and provides real-time feedback control. This multi-functionality consolidates several needs into a single measurement system, reducing overall device complexity despite the advanced measurement capability.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
Enables precise control of surgical instruments by providing real-time feedback on tissue strength, reducing the risk of adverse events and ensuring effective surgical procedures.
Implementation Method 1
imaging technology like Brillouin spectroscopy to generate biomechanics information
Data Source
AI summary
In some embodiments, an ophthalmic surgical feedback system includes a laser device configured to emit light to a location on eye tissue of a patient and generate biomechanics information for the location based on the light. The ophthalmic surgical feedback system also includes a memory having executable instructions and a processor in communication with the laser device and the memory. The processor is configured to execute the instructions to determine strength of the eye tissue at the location based on the biomechanics information. The processor is further configured to execute the instructions to generate feedback related to utilization of a surgical instrument at the location based on the determined strength.