Broadband Transceiver With RF Impermeable Layer
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing wireless transceiver systems, such as repeaters and distributed antenna systems, face limitations due to the use of duplexers, which are large, expensive, and frequency-limited, making them inflexible and costly for covering a wide range of frequencies.
Innovation Solution
A broadband transceiver design that eliminates the need for duplexers by using separate transmit and receive antennas with a toroidal radiation pattern and an RF impermeable layer structure for isolation, allowing operation across a broad frequency range from 400 MHz to 2.7 GHz.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If a duplexer is used to combine transmit and receive signals on a single antenna, then signal isolation is achieved, but the device becomes large, expensive, and frequency-limited
Solution Approach 1:
The patent divides the single antenna system into two separate antennas - one dedicated for transmit signals and one for receive signals. This segmentation eliminates the need for a duplexer to combine signals, as each antenna handles only one signal type. The separate antennas are positioned and oriented to provide natural spatial isolation, thereby achieving signal isolation without requiring a large, expensive duplexer device.
2Reliability
If fixed tuned duplexers are used for each frequency band, then frequency-specific isolation is achieved, but the system becomes inflexible and requires multiple duplexers for broadband coverage
Solution Approach 1:
The patent employs broadband antennas that can operate across a wide frequency range (400 MHz to 2.7 GHz) rather than fixed-tuned antennas limited to specific bands. The transmit and receive antennas are designed with broadband characteristics, allowing them to handle multiple frequency bands simultaneously. This universal design enables the system to cover the entire frequency range with a single transceiver unit, eliminating the need for multiple frequency-specific duplexers and providing flexibility for future band allocations.
3Device complexity
If separate transmit and receive antennas are used without a duplexer, then device cost and size are reduced, but signal isolation becomes challenging
Solution Approach 1:
The patent utilizes spatial dimensionality to achieve signal isolation between transmit and receive antennas. The antennas are positioned at different locations and oriented with specific polarizations (e.g., orthogonal polarizations or different elevation angles) to minimize mutual interference. By exploiting the three-dimensional spatial domain rather than relying on frequency-domain filtering through a duplexer, the system achieves effective isolation while maintaining a compact, cost-effective design without requiring a duplexer device.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
This solution provides flexible and cost-effective coverage across a wide frequency range, reducing the need for multiple duplexers and enhancing signal isolation between transmit and receive signals, while maintaining effective antenna coverage and reducing signal overload.
Implementation Method 1
at least one layer structure that is substantially impermeable to RF radiation
Implementation Method 2
a receive antenna is located on, above, or proximate the first face surface and configured to receive RF transmissions
Implementation Method 3
a transmit antenna is located on, above, or proximate the second face surface and configured to transmit RF transmissions
Data Source
AI summary
A broadband transceiver includes at least one layer structure that is substantially impermeable to RF radiation. The layer structure includes a first face surface substantially opposite a second face surface. A receive antenna is located proximate the first face surface and configured to receive RF transmissions. A transmit antenna is located proximate the second surface and configured to transmit RF transmissions. At least one of the receive and transmit antennas generates a generally toroidal radiation pattern that is stronger in a direction substantially parallel to the respective layer structure face surface compared to a direction substantially perpendicular to the face surface.