Buck-Boost Power Converter With Capacitor Buffer for Battery ESR
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Solution Overview
Problem
Mobile electronic devices face challenges in efficiently supplying power to various components with different voltage and current levels due to battery equivalent series resistance (ESR), leading to voltage drops and reduced battery capacity utilization, especially under high current loads.
Innovation Solution
A power converter system utilizing buck-boost converters and energy storage elements like capacitors to isolate loads from the battery, regulating voltage and current efficiently, and using a bypass mechanism to optimize power delivery based on threshold voltages.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Power
If battery power is used to supply high current loads, then power delivery capability is improved, but voltage drops due to ESR increase and battery capacity utilization decreases
Solution Approach 1:
A buck-boost converter is introduced as an intermediary device between the battery and the load. The converter includes a switching circuit with MOSFETs, diodes, and an inductor that converts battery voltage to a regulated output voltage, preventing direct high current draw from the battery and eliminating voltage drops caused by battery ESR
Solution Approach 2:
The system dynamically changes operating parameters by using the buck-boost converter to regulate output voltage and current based on load requirements. The converter adjusts its duty cycle and switching frequency to maintain optimal battery operating conditions while delivering required power to the load, thereby improving battery capacity utilization
2Power
If battery power is used to supply high current loads, then power delivery capability is improved, but voltage drops due to ESR increase
Solution Approach 1:
The buck-boost converter acts as a voltage regulation intermediary that isolates the load from battery voltage variations. The switching circuit and feedback control mechanism maintain a stable output voltage regardless of battery ESR effects or load changes, ensuring reliable voltage supply to the load
Solution Approach 2:
The system employs feedback control through the buck-boost converter's control circuit that continuously monitors output voltage and adjusts switching parameters accordingly. This feedback mechanism compensates for voltage drops caused by battery ESR and maintains consistent voltage delivery to the load under varying conditions
3Power
If power converter circuitry is added to manage power conversion, then power delivery efficiency is improved, but device size and weight increase
Solution Approach 1:
The buck-boost converter is designed to perform multiple functions: voltage regulation, current limiting, and power management. By consolidating these functions into a single integrated circuit, the design achieves high power delivery efficiency without proportionally increasing device weight, as the same components serve multiple purposes in the power management system
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The solution effectively reduces the impact of ESR, extends battery life, and ensures consistent power delivery to components like power amplifiers, enhancing device functionality and talk time by utilizing battery capacity more efficiently.
Implementation Method 1
A capacitor, or other energy storage element, may be connected between the output of the buck-boost switcher and the load
Data Source
AI summary
A power converter system for managing power between a power supply and a load, the system including: a first buck-boost circuit connected to the power supply; and a capacitor provided between the buck-boost circuit and the load to buffer power supply for the load. The system may include a second buck-boost circuit between the capacitor and the load. In another embodiment, a power converter system includes: a boost circuit connected to the power supply; a buck circuit connected to the load; and a capacitor provided between the boost circuit and the buck circuit to manage the supply of power to the load.