Buck Conversion Circuit With Isolated Controller Supply
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Solution Overview
Problem
Conventional buck converters are limited by the withstand voltage of the controller, restricting the range of input and output voltages, which in turn limits the applicability and efficiency of the conversion circuit.
Innovation Solution
A conversion circuit design that separates the low-potential terminal of the input and output voltages from the low-potential terminal of the controller, using a power supply module with three distinct power supply terminals and capacitors to generate independent input and output voltages, allowing the controller to operate below the input voltage and thereby enhancing voltage ranges.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If the input voltage is directly connected to the controller for providing power, then the controller can operate, but the voltage range is limited by the controller's withstand voltage
Solution Approach 1:
The patent divides the power supply system into two independent parts: a high-voltage power supply for the input/output terminals and a low-voltage power supply for the controller. This segmentation allows each part to operate within its optimal voltage range, resolving the contradiction between controller operation reliability and voltage range adaptability.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent introduces an intermediary power supply module that provides a separate low-voltage power source for the controller. This intermediary supply acts as a buffer, allowing the controller to operate at safe low voltages while the main circuit handles high voltages, thus expanding the overall voltage range without compromising controller reliability.
2Power
If the controller operates at input voltage level, then power can be provided to the controller, but the output voltage range is also limited
Solution Approach 1:
The power supply is segmented into independent high-voltage and low-voltage sections. The high-voltage section handles input/output power conversion while the low-voltage section independently powers the controller. This allows the output voltage range to be determined by the high-voltage circuit capabilities rather than being constrained by the controller's voltage requirements.
Solution Approach 2:
A separate low-voltage power supply module serves as an intermediary that provides dedicated power to the controller without coupling the controller's voltage requirements to the main power conversion circuit. This enables the output voltage range to be expanded beyond what would be possible if the controller operated directly at input voltage levels.
3Adaptability or versatility
If a separate low-voltage power supply is provided for the controller, then the voltage range is improved, but the circuit complexity increases
Solution Approach 1:
The power supply module is designed with multi-functionality, serving both as the main power conversion circuit for high-voltage input/output and as a source for the controller's low-voltage power supply. By making the power supply module universal, the patent avoids adding separate dedicated components, thus minimizing circuit complexity while still achieving expanded voltage range capability.
Data Source
AI summary
The present disclosure provides a conversion circuit including a power supply module, positive and negative input terminals, positive and negative output terminals, a switch, an inductor, input and output capacitors, and a controller. The power supply module converts an AC power for providing three potentials on three power supply terminals respectively. The potential on the first power supply terminal is higher than the potential on the second power supply terminal, which is higher than the potential on the third power supply terminal. The positive and negative input terminals are electrically connected to the first and third power supply terminals respectively, and a voltage therebetween is an input voltage. The negative output terminal is electrically connected to the third power supply terminal. The controller is electrically connected to the positive input terminal, the second power supply terminal and the switch. A voltage across the controller is lower than the input voltage.