Buck Converter Saturation Control for Output Voltage Stability
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Solution Overview
Problem
Voltage converters experience severe undershoot and overshoot during input voltage fluctuations, leading to potential damage to loads due to the saturation state of the voltage conversion circuit, which is not effectively managed by existing technologies.
Innovation Solution
A voltage converter with a controller that determines the saturation state of the voltage conversion circuit and adjusts the level conduction signal to stabilize the output voltage, using a sampling module, determining module, compensation module, and drive module to manage duty ratio and output voltage adjustments.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If the voltage conversion circuit operates at maximum duty ratio to maintain output voltage during input voltage drop, then the output voltage can be maintained, but severe overshoot and impulse current occur when input voltage recovers
Solution Approach 1:
The controller detects the saturation state of the voltage conversion circuit in advance and performs preliminary adjustment on the duty ratio. When the circuit is detected to be in saturation state, the controller proactively adjusts the duty ratio before the harmful overshoot and impulse current can occur, thereby preventing the adverse effects while maintaining output voltage stability.
Solution Approach 2:
The controller continuously monitors the input voltage, output voltage, and duty ratio of the voltage conversion circuit, and adjusts the duty ratio in real-time based on the feedback information. When the circuit enters or exits saturation state, the feedback mechanism enables the controller to detect the state change and adjust the duty ratio accordingly, preventing severe overshoot and impulse current.
2Speed
If the voltage conversion circuit adjusts duty ratio quickly to respond to input voltage changes, then the response speed is improved, but the output voltage exhibits undershoot during transient states
Solution Approach 1:
The controller performs preliminary adjustment on the duty ratio when detecting the saturation state of the voltage conversion circuit. By proactively adjusting the duty ratio before the output voltage can significantly deviate, the system maintains faster response while minimizing undershoot during transient states.
Solution Approach 2:
The controller prepares compensation measures in advance by detecting the saturation state and adjusting the duty ratio accordingly. This beforehand cushioning prevents severe undershoot by having the duty ratio already optimized when the input voltage changes, thus maintaining both fast response and voltage stability.
3Adaptability or versatility
If the voltage conversion circuit operates in saturation state to handle low input voltage, then the circuit can maintain operation, but the output voltage cannot reach rated value and severe overshoot occurs on recovery
Solution Approach 1:
The controller continuously monitors the input voltage, output voltage, and duty ratio to detect when the voltage conversion circuit enters or exits saturation state. Based on this feedback, the controller dynamically adjusts the duty ratio to ensure the output voltage reaches the rated value with high precision, while maintaining the ability to handle a wide input voltage range.
Solution Approach 2:
The controller changes the duty ratio parameter dynamically based on the saturation state of the voltage conversion circuit. When the circuit is in saturation state, the controller adjusts the duty ratio to optimize the output voltage, ensuring both wide input voltage adaptability and precise output voltage control.
Data Source
AI summary
This application provides a voltage converter and a power supply system. In one example, a voltage converter includes a voltage conversion circuit and a controller. The voltage conversion circuit is configured to receive an input voltage from a power supply, and perform buck conversion on the input voltage to obtain an output voltage, to supply power to a load. The controller is configured to: when the voltage conversion circuit is in a first state, control the output voltage by controlling a level conduction signal of the voltage conversion circuit, to supply power to the load. The first state is a state in which a value of a duty ratio of the voltage conversion circuit is greater than or equal to a preset duty ratio value. The first state includes a first saturation state and a second saturation state.